X-Git-Url: http://repo.macrolet.net/gitweb/?a=blobdiff_plain;f=doc%2Fmanual%2Fcompiler.texinfo;h=0c03d9874a29bf33bb2f3850ba3e9ddc386bdb0a;hb=1bd85a506685b3d3188aaf1d9d097865c38f887d;hp=35284f3d47863648be05740955e13dd8e2a2a01b;hpb=56d318ce89dd0c1cff3fd210691ac0367b1382e3;p=sbcl.git diff --git a/doc/manual/compiler.texinfo b/doc/manual/compiler.texinfo index 35284f3..0c03d98 100644 --- a/doc/manual/compiler.texinfo +++ b/doc/manual/compiler.texinfo @@ -156,8 +156,8 @@ to the @code{sb-ext:compiler-note}, and is used for problems which are too mild for the standard condition classes, typically hints about how efficiency might be improved. The @code{sb-ext:code-deletion-note}, a subtype of @code{compiler-note}, is signalled when the compiler -deletes user-supplied code, usually after proving that the code in -question is unreachable. +deletes user-supplied code after proving that the code in question is +unreachable. Future work for SBCL includes expanding this hierarchy of types to allow more fine-grained control over emission of diagnostic messages. @@ -456,11 +456,10 @@ one level. @comment node-name, next, previous, up @section Handling of Types -The most unusual features of the SBCL compiler (which is very -similar to the original CMUCL compiler, also known as @dfn{Python}) -is its unusually sophisticated understanding of the Common Lisp type -system and its unusually conservative approach to the implementation -of type declarations. +One of the most important features of the SBCL compiler (similar to +the original CMUCL compiler, also known as @dfn{Python}) is its fairly +sophisticated understanding of the Common Lisp type system and its +conservative approach to the implementation of type declarations. These two features reward the use of type declarations throughout development, even when high performance is not a concern. Also, as @@ -493,21 +492,28 @@ involving the @code{satisfies} type specifier. @subsection Declarations as Assertions @findex safety -The SBCL compiler treats type declarations differently from most -other Lisp compilers. Under default compilation policy the compiler -doesn't blindly believe type declarations, but considers them -assertions about the program that should be checked: all type -declarations that have not been proven to always hold are asserted at -runtime. +The SBCL compiler treats type declarations differently from most other +Lisp compilers. Under default compilation policy the compiler doesn't +blindly believe type declarations, but considers them assertions about +the program that should be checked: all type declarations that have +not been proven to always hold are asserted at runtime. @quotation @emph{Remaining bugs in the compiler's handling of types unfortunately provide some exceptions to this rule, see @ref{Implementation -Limitations}).} +Limitations}.} @end quotation -There are three type checking policies available in SBCL, -selectable via @code{optimize} declarations. +CLOS slot types form a notable exception. Types declared using the +@code{:type} slot option in @code{defclass} are asserted if and only +if the class was defined in @emph{safe code} and the slot access +location is in @emph{safe code} as well. This laxness does not pose +any internal consistency issues, as the CLOS slot types are not +available for the type inferencer, nor do CLOS slot types provide any +efficiency benefits. + +There are three type checking policies available in SBCL, selectable +via @code{optimize} declarations. @table @strong @@ -516,16 +522,18 @@ selectable via @code{optimize} declarations. @item Full Type Checks All declarations are considered assertions to be checked at runtime, -and all type checks are precise. +and all type checks are precise. The default compilation policy +provides full type checks. -Used when @code{(and (< 0 safety) (or (>= safety 2) (>= safety speed)))}. The -default compilation policy provides full type checks. +Used when @code{(or (>= safety 2) (>= safety speed 1))}. @item Weak Type Checks -Any or all type declarations may be believed without runtime -assertions, and assertions that are done may be imprecise. It should -be noted that it is relatively easy to corrupt the heap when weak type -checks are used, and type-errors are introduced into the program. +Declared types may be simplified into faster to check supertypes: for +example, @code{(or (integer -17 -7) (integer 7 17))} is simplified +into @code{(integer -17 17)}. + +@strong{Note}: it is relatively easy to corrupt the heap when weak +type checks are used if the program contains type-errors. Used when @code{(and (< safety 2) (< safety speed))} @@ -533,6 +541,9 @@ Used when @code{(and (< safety 2) (< safety speed))} All declarations are believed without assertions. Also disables argument count and array bounds checking. +@strong{Note}: any type errors in code where type checks are not +performed are liable to corrupt the heap. + Used when @code{(= safety 0)}. @end table