6 (defun !reduce (func list initial)
11 (funcall func initial (car list)))))
17 (defmacro while (condition &body body)
22 (defun concat-two (s1 s2)
23 (concatenate 'string s1 s2))
25 (defun setcar (cons new)
26 (setf (car cons) new))
27 (defun setcdr (cons new)
28 (setf (cdr cons) new)))
30 (defvar *newline* (string (code-char 10)))
32 (defun concat (&rest strs)
33 (!reduce (lambda (s1 s2) (concat-two s1 s2))
37 ;;; Concatenate a list of strings, with a separator
38 (defun join (list separator)
47 (join (cdr list) separator)))))
49 (defun join-trailing (list separator)
54 (join-trailing (cdr list) separator))
56 (concat (car list) separator (join-trailing (cdr list) separator)))))
58 (defun integer-to-string (x)
63 (push (mod x 10) digits)
64 (setq x (truncate x 10)))
65 (join (mapcar (lambda (d) (string (char "0123456789" d)))
71 ;;; It is a basic Lisp reader. It does not use advanced stuff
72 ;;; intentionally, because we want to use it to bootstrap a simple
73 ;;; Lisp. The main entry point is the function `ls-read', which
74 ;;; accepts a strings as argument and return the Lisp expression.
75 (defun make-string-stream (string)
78 (defun %peek-char (stream)
79 (and (< (cdr stream) (length (car stream)))
80 (char (car stream) (cdr stream))))
82 (defun %read-char (stream)
83 (and (< (cdr stream) (length (car stream)))
84 (prog1 (char (car stream) (cdr stream))
85 (setcdr stream (1+ (cdr stream))))))
87 (defun whitespacep (ch)
88 (or (char= ch #\space) (char= ch #\newline) (char= ch #\tab)))
90 (defun skip-whitespaces (stream)
92 (setq ch (%peek-char stream))
93 (while (and ch (whitespacep ch))
95 (setq ch (%peek-char stream)))))
98 (or (null ch) (whitespacep ch) (char= #\) ch) (char= #\( ch)))
100 (defun read-until (stream func)
103 (setq ch (%peek-char stream))
104 (while (not (funcall func ch))
105 (setq string (concat string (string ch)))
107 (setq ch (%peek-char stream)))
110 (defun skip-whitespaces-and-comments (stream)
112 (skip-whitespaces stream)
113 (setq ch (%peek-char stream))
114 (while (and ch (char= ch #\;))
115 (read-until stream (lambda (x) (char= x #\newline)))
116 (skip-whitespaces stream)
117 (setq ch (%peek-char stream)))))
119 (defun %read-list (stream)
120 (skip-whitespaces-and-comments stream)
121 (let ((ch (%peek-char stream)))
128 (skip-whitespaces-and-comments stream)
129 (prog1 (ls-read stream)
130 (unless (char= (%read-char stream) #\))
131 (error "')' was expected."))))
133 (cons (ls-read stream) (%read-list stream))))))
135 (defun read-string (stream)
138 (setq ch (%read-char stream))
139 (while (not (char= ch #\"))
141 (setq ch (%read-char stream)))
142 (setq string (concat string (string ch)))
143 (setq ch (%read-char stream)))
146 (defvar *eof* (make-symbol "EOF"))
147 (defun ls-read (stream)
148 (skip-whitespaces-and-comments stream)
149 (let ((ch (%peek-char stream)))
158 (list 'quote (ls-read stream)))
161 (list 'backquote (ls-read stream)))
164 (read-string stream))
167 (if (eql (%peek-char stream) #\@)
168 (progn (%read-char stream) (list 'unquote-splicing (ls-read stream)))
169 (list 'unquote (ls-read stream))))
172 (ecase (%read-char stream)
174 (list 'function (ls-read stream)))
177 (concat (string (%read-char stream))
178 (read-until stream #'terminalp))))
180 ((string= cname "space") (char-code #\space))
181 ((string= cname "newline") (char-code #\newline))
182 (t (char-code (char cname 0))))))
184 (let ((feature (read-until stream #'terminalp)))
186 ((string= feature "common-lisp")
187 (ls-read stream) ;ignore
189 ((string= feature "lispstrack")
192 (error "Unknown reader form.")))))))
194 (let ((string (read-until stream #'terminalp)))
195 (if (every #'digit-char-p string)
196 (parse-integer string)
197 (intern (string-upcase string))))))))
199 (defun ls-read-from-string (string)
200 (ls-read (make-string-stream string)))
205 (defvar *compilation-unit-checks* '())
210 (defun make-binding (name type js declared)
211 (list name type js declared))
213 (defun binding-name (b) (first b))
214 (defun binding-type (b) (second b))
215 (defun binding-translation (b) (third b))
216 (defun binding-declared (b)
218 (defun mark-binding-as-declared (b)
219 (setcar (cdddr b) t))
222 (defun gvarname (symbol)
223 (concat "v" (integer-to-string (incf counter))))
225 (defun lookup-variable (symbol env)
226 (or (assoc symbol env)
228 (let ((name (symbol-name symbol))
229 (binding (make-binding symbol 'variable (gvarname symbol) nil)))
232 (unless (binding-declared (assoc symbol *env*))
233 (error (concat "Undefined variable `" name "'"))))
234 *compilation-unit-checks*)
237 (defun lookup-variable-translation (symbol env)
238 (binding-translation (lookup-variable symbol env)))
240 (defun extend-local-env (args env)
241 (append (mapcar (lambda (symbol)
242 (make-binding symbol 'variable (gvarname symbol) t))
247 (defun lookup-function (symbol env)
248 (or (assoc symbol env)
249 (assoc symbol *fenv*)
250 (let ((name (symbol-name symbol))
254 (concat "f" (integer-to-string (incf counter)))
256 (push binding *fenv*)
258 (unless (binding-declared (assoc symbol *fenv*))
259 (error (concat "Undefined function `" name "'"))))
260 *compilation-unit-checks*)
263 (defun lookup-function-translation (symbol env)
264 (binding-translation (lookup-function symbol env))))
267 (defvar *toplevel-compilations* nil)
269 (defun %compile-defvar (name)
270 (let ((b (lookup-variable name *env*)))
271 (mark-binding-as-declared b)
272 (push (concat "var " (binding-translation b)) *toplevel-compilations*)))
274 (defun %compile-defun (name)
275 (let ((b (lookup-function name *env*)))
276 (mark-binding-as-declared b)
277 (push (concat "var " (binding-translation b)) *toplevel-compilations*)))
279 (defun %compile-defmacro (name lambda)
280 (push (make-binding name 'macro lambda t) *fenv*))
283 (defvar *compilations* nil)
285 (defun ls-compile-block (sexps env fenv)
287 (remove nil (mapcar (lambda (x)
288 (ls-compile x env fenv))
292 (defmacro define-compilation (name args &rest body)
293 ;; Creates a new primitive `name' with parameters args and
294 ;; @body. The body can access to the local environment through the
296 `(push (list ',name (lambda (env fenv ,@args) ,@body))
299 (define-compilation if (condition true false)
301 (ls-compile condition env fenv)
303 (ls-compile true env fenv)
305 (ls-compile false env fenv)
308 ;;; Return the required args of a lambda list
309 (defun lambda-list-required-argument (lambda-list)
310 (if (or (null lambda-list) (eq (car lambda-list) '&rest))
312 (cons (car lambda-list) (lambda-list-required-argument (cdr lambda-list)))))
314 (defun lambda-list-rest-argument (lambda-list)
315 (second (member '&rest lambda-list)))
317 (define-compilation lambda (lambda-list &rest body)
318 (let ((required-arguments (lambda-list-required-argument lambda-list))
319 (rest-argument (lambda-list-rest-argument lambda-list)))
320 (let ((new-env (extend-local-env
321 (append (and rest-argument (list rest-argument))
324 (concat "(function ("
325 (join (mapcar (lambda (x)
326 (lookup-variable-translation x new-env))
332 (let ((js!rest (lookup-variable-translation rest-argument new-env)))
333 (concat "var " js!rest "= false;" *newline*
334 "for (var i = arguments.length-1; i>="
335 (integer-to-string (length required-arguments))
338 "{car: arguments[i], cdr: " js!rest "};"
341 (concat (ls-compile-block (butlast body) new-env fenv)
342 "return " (ls-compile (car (last body)) new-env fenv) ";")
346 (define-compilation fsetq (var val)
347 (concat (lookup-function-translation var fenv)
349 (ls-compile val env fenv)))
351 (define-compilation setq (var val)
352 (concat (lookup-variable-translation var env)
354 (ls-compile val env fenv)))
358 (defun escape-string (string)
361 (size (length string)))
362 (while (< index size)
363 (let ((ch (char string index)))
364 (when (or (char= ch #\") (char= ch #\\))
365 (setq output (concat output "\\")))
366 (when (or (char= ch #\newline))
367 (setq output (concat output "\\"))
369 (setq output (concat output (string ch))))
373 (defun literal->js (sexp)
375 ((null sexp) "false")
376 ((integerp sexp) (integer-to-string sexp))
377 ((stringp sexp) (concat "\"" (escape-string sexp) "\""))
378 ((symbolp sexp) (concat "{name: \"" (escape-string (symbol-name sexp)) "\"}"))
379 ((consp sexp) (concat "{car: "
380 (literal->js (car sexp))
382 (literal->js (cdr sexp)) "}"))))
385 (defun literal (form)
388 (let ((var (concat "l" (integer-to-string (incf counter)))))
389 (push (concat "var " var " = " (literal->js form)) *toplevel-compilations*)
392 (define-compilation quote (sexp)
395 (define-compilation debug (form)
396 (concat "console.log(" (ls-compile form env fenv) ")"))
398 (define-compilation while (pred &rest body)
399 (concat "(function(){ while("
400 (ls-compile pred env fenv)
402 (ls-compile-block body env fenv)
405 (define-compilation function (x)
407 ((and (listp x) (eq (car x) 'lambda))
408 (ls-compile x env fenv))
410 (lookup-function-translation x fenv))))
413 (defmacro eval-when-compile (&body body)
414 `(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute)
417 (define-compilation eval-when-compile (&rest body)
418 (eval (cons 'progn body))
421 (defmacro define-transformation (name args form)
422 `(define-compilation ,name ,args
423 (ls-compile ,form env fenv)))
425 (define-transformation progn (&rest body)
426 `((lambda () ,@body)))
428 (define-transformation let (bindings &rest body)
429 (let ((bindings (mapcar #'ensure-list bindings)))
430 `((lambda ,(mapcar 'car bindings) ,@body)
431 ,@(mapcar 'cadr bindings))))
433 ;;; A little backquote implementation without optimizations of any
434 ;;; kind for lispstrack.
435 (defun backquote-expand-1 (form)
441 ((eq (car form) 'unquote)
443 ((eq (car form) 'backquote)
444 (backquote-expand-1 (backquote-expand-1 (cadr form))))
449 ((and (listp s) (eq (car s) 'unquote))
450 (list 'list (cadr s)))
451 ((and (listp s) (eq (car s) 'unquote-splicing))
454 (list 'list (backquote-expand-1 s)))))
457 (defun backquote-expand (form)
458 (if (and (listp form) (eq (car form) 'backquote))
459 (backquote-expand-1 (cadr form))
462 (defmacro backquote (form)
463 (backquote-expand-1 form))
465 (define-transformation backquote (form)
466 (backquote-expand-1 form))
470 (define-compilation + (x y)
471 (concat "((" (ls-compile x env fenv) ") + (" (ls-compile y env fenv) "))"))
473 (define-compilation - (x y)
474 (concat "((" (ls-compile x env fenv) ") - (" (ls-compile y env fenv) "))"))
476 (define-compilation * (x y)
477 (concat "((" (ls-compile x env fenv) ") * (" (ls-compile y env fenv) "))"))
479 (define-compilation / (x y)
480 (concat "((" (ls-compile x env fenv) ") / (" (ls-compile y env fenv) "))"))
482 (define-compilation < (x y)
483 (concat "((" (ls-compile x env fenv) ") < (" (ls-compile y env fenv) "))"))
485 (define-compilation = (x y)
486 (concat "((" (ls-compile x env fenv) ") == (" (ls-compile y env fenv) "))"))
488 (define-compilation numberp (x)
489 (concat "(typeof (" (ls-compile x env fenv) ") == \"number\")"))
492 (define-compilation mod (x y)
493 (concat "((" (ls-compile x env fenv) ") % (" (ls-compile y env fenv) "))"))
495 (define-compilation floor (x)
496 (concat "(Math.floor(" (ls-compile x env fenv) "))"))
498 (define-compilation null (x)
499 (concat "(" (ls-compile x env fenv) "== false)"))
501 (define-compilation cons (x y)
502 (concat "{car: " (ls-compile x env fenv) ", cdr: " (ls-compile y env fenv) "}"))
504 (define-compilation consp (x)
505 (concat "('car' in " (ls-compile x env fenv) ")"))
508 (define-compilation car (x)
509 (concat "(" (ls-compile x env fenv) ").car"))
511 (define-compilation cdr (x)
512 (concat "(" (ls-compile x env fenv) ").cdr"))
514 (define-compilation setcar (x new)
515 (concat "((" (ls-compile x env fenv) ").car = " (ls-compile new env fenv) ")"))
517 (define-compilation setcdr (x new)
518 (concat "((" (ls-compile x env fenv) ").cdr = " (ls-compile new env fenv) ")"))
520 (define-compilation symbolp (x)
521 (concat "('name' in " (ls-compile x env fenv) ")"))
523 (define-compilation make-symbol (name)
524 (concat "{name: " (ls-compile name env fenv) "}"))
526 (define-compilation symbol-name (x)
527 (concat "(" (ls-compile x env fenv) ").name"))
529 (define-compilation eq (x y)
530 (concat "(" (ls-compile x env fenv) " === " (ls-compile y env fenv) ")"))
532 (define-compilation equal (x y)
533 (concat "(" (ls-compile x env fenv) " == " (ls-compile y env fenv) ")"))
535 (define-compilation string (x)
536 (concat "String.fromCharCode(" (ls-compile x env fenv) ")"))
538 (define-compilation stringp (x)
539 (concat "(typeof(" (ls-compile x env fenv) ") == \"string\")"))
541 (define-compilation string-upcase (x)
542 (concat "(" (ls-compile x env fenv) ").toUpperCase()"))
544 (define-compilation string-length (x)
545 (concat "(" (ls-compile x env fenv) ").length"))
547 (define-compilation char (string index)
549 (ls-compile string env fenv)
551 (ls-compile index env fenv)
554 (define-compilation concat-two (string1 string2)
556 (ls-compile string1 env fenv)
558 (ls-compile string2 env fenv)
561 (define-compilation funcall (func &rest args)
563 (ls-compile func env fenv)
565 (join (mapcar (lambda (x)
566 (ls-compile x env fenv))
571 (define-compilation apply (func &rest args)
573 (concat "(" (ls-compile func env fenv) ")()")
574 (let ((args (butlast args))
575 (last (car (last args))))
576 (concat "function(){" *newline*
577 "var f = " (ls-compile func env fenv) ";" *newline*
578 "var args = [" (join (mapcar (lambda (x)
579 (ls-compile x env fenv))
583 "var tail = (" (ls-compile last env fenv) ");" *newline*
584 "while (tail != false){" *newline*
585 " args.push(tail[0]);" *newline*
586 " args = args.slice(1);" *newline*
588 "return f.apply(this, args);" *newline*
591 (define-compilation js-eval (string)
592 (concat "eval(" (ls-compile string env fenv) ")"))
595 (define-compilation error (string)
596 (concat "(function (){ throw " (ls-compile string env fenv) ";" "return 0;})()"))
598 (define-compilation new ()
601 (define-compilation get (object key)
602 (concat "(" (ls-compile object env fenv) ")[" (ls-compile key env fenv) "]"))
604 (define-compilation set (object key value)
606 (ls-compile object env fenv)
608 (ls-compile key env fenv) "]"
609 " = " (ls-compile value env fenv) ")"))
612 (and (symbolp x) (eq (binding-type (lookup-function x *fenv*)) 'macro)))
614 (defun ls-macroexpand-1 (form &optional env fenv)
615 (when (macrop (car form))
616 (let ((binding (lookup-function (car form) *env*)))
617 (if (eq (binding-type binding) 'macro)
618 (apply (eval (binding-translation binding)) (cdr form))
621 (defun compile-funcall (function args env fenv)
624 (concat (lookup-function-translation function fenv)
626 (join (mapcar (lambda (x) (ls-compile x env fenv)) args)
629 ((and (listp function) (eq (car function) 'lambda))
630 (concat "(" (ls-compile function env fenv) ")("
631 (join (mapcar (lambda (x) (ls-compile x env fenv)) args)
635 (error (concat "Invalid function designator " (symbol-name function))))))
637 (defun ls-compile (sexp &optional env fenv)
639 ((symbolp sexp) (lookup-variable-translation sexp env))
640 ((integerp sexp) (integer-to-string sexp))
641 ((stringp sexp) (concat "\"" (escape-string sexp) "\""))
643 (if (assoc (car sexp) *compilations*)
644 (let ((comp (second (assoc (car sexp) *compilations*))))
645 (apply comp env fenv (cdr sexp)))
646 (if (macrop (car sexp))
647 (ls-compile (ls-macroexpand-1 sexp env fenv) env fenv)
648 (compile-funcall (car sexp) (cdr sexp) env fenv))))))
650 (defun ls-compile-toplevel (sexp)
651 (setq *toplevel-compilations* nil)
652 (let ((code (ls-compile sexp)))
654 (concat "/* " (princ-to-string sexp) " */"
655 (join (mapcar (lambda (x) (concat x ";" *newline*))
656 *toplevel-compilations*)
659 (setq *toplevel-compilations* nil))))
663 (defun read-whole-file (filename)
664 (with-open-file (in filename)
665 (let ((seq (make-array (file-length in) :element-type 'character)))
666 (read-sequence seq in)
669 (defun ls-compile-file (filename output)
670 (setq *env* nil *fenv* nil)
671 (setq *compilation-unit-checks* nil)
672 (with-open-file (out output :direction :output :if-exists :supersede)
673 (let* ((source (read-whole-file filename))
674 (in (make-string-stream source)))
678 for compilation = (ls-compile-toplevel x)
679 when (plusp (length compilation))
680 do (write-line (concat compilation "; ") out))
681 (dolist (check *compilation-unit-checks*)
683 (setq *compilation-unit-checks* nil))))
686 (ls-compile-file "lispstrack.lisp" "lispstrack.js")))