6 (defun !reduce (func list initial)
11 (funcall func initial (car list)))))
17 (defmacro while (condition &body body)
22 (defun concat-two (s1 s2)
23 (concatenate 'string s1 s2))
25 (defun setcar (cons new)
26 (setf (car cons) new))
27 (defun setcdr (cons new)
28 (setf (cdr cons) new)))
30 (defvar *newline* (string (code-char 10)))
32 (defun concat (&rest strs)
33 (!reduce (lambda (s1 s2) (concat-two s1 s2))
37 ;;; Concatenate a list of strings, with a separator
38 (defun join (list separator)
47 (join (cdr list) separator)))))
49 (defun join-trailing (list separator)
54 (join-trailing (cdr list) separator))
56 (concat (car list) separator (join-trailing (cdr list) separator)))))
58 (defun integer-to-string (x)
63 (push (mod x 10) digits)
64 (setq x (truncate x 10)))
65 (join (mapcar (lambda (d) (string (char "0123456789" d)))
71 ;;; It is a basic Lisp reader. It does not use advanced stuff
72 ;;; intentionally, because we want to use it to bootstrap a simple
73 ;;; Lisp. The main entry point is the function `ls-read', which
74 ;;; accepts a strings as argument and return the Lisp expression.
75 (defun make-string-stream (string)
78 (defun %peek-char (stream)
79 (and (< (cdr stream) (length (car stream)))
80 (char (car stream) (cdr stream))))
82 (defun %read-char (stream)
83 (and (< (cdr stream) (length (car stream)))
84 (prog1 (char (car stream) (cdr stream))
85 (setcdr stream (1+ (cdr stream))))))
87 (defun whitespacep (ch)
88 (or (char= ch #\space) (char= ch #\newline) (char= ch #\tab)))
90 (defun skip-whitespaces (stream)
92 (setq ch (%peek-char stream))
93 (while (and ch (whitespacep ch))
95 (setq ch (%peek-char stream)))))
98 (or (null ch) (whitespacep ch) (char= #\) ch) (char= #\( ch)))
100 (defun read-until (stream func)
103 (setq ch (%peek-char stream))
104 (while (not (funcall func ch))
105 (setq string (concat string (string ch)))
107 (setq ch (%peek-char stream)))
110 (defun skip-whitespaces-and-comments (stream)
112 (skip-whitespaces stream)
113 (setq ch (%peek-char stream))
114 (while (and ch (char= ch #\;))
115 (read-until stream (lambda (x) (char= x #\newline)))
116 (skip-whitespaces stream)
117 (setq ch (%peek-char stream)))))
119 (defun %read-list (stream)
120 (skip-whitespaces-and-comments stream)
121 (let ((ch (%peek-char stream)))
128 (skip-whitespaces-and-comments stream)
129 (prog1 (ls-read stream)
130 (unless (char= (%read-char stream) #\))
131 (error "')' was expected."))))
133 (cons (ls-read stream) (%read-list stream))))))
135 (defun read-string (stream)
138 (setq ch (%read-char stream))
139 (while (not (char= ch #\"))
141 (setq ch (%read-char stream)))
142 (setq string (concat string (string ch)))
143 (setq ch (%read-char stream)))
146 (defvar *eof* (make-symbol "EOF"))
147 (defun ls-read (stream)
148 (skip-whitespaces-and-comments stream)
149 (let ((ch (%peek-char stream)))
158 (list 'quote (ls-read stream)))
161 (list 'backquote (ls-read stream)))
164 (read-string stream))
167 (if (eql (%peek-char stream) #\@)
168 (progn (%read-char stream) (list 'unquote-splicing (ls-read stream)))
169 (list 'unquote (ls-read stream))))
172 (ecase (%read-char stream)
174 (list 'function (ls-read stream)))
177 (concat (string (%read-char stream))
178 (read-until stream #'terminalp))))
180 ((string= cname "space") (char-code #\space))
181 ((string= cname "newline") (char-code #\newline))
182 (t (char-code (char cname 0))))))
184 (let ((feature (read-until stream #'terminalp)))
186 ((string= feature "common-lisp")
187 (ls-read stream) ;ignore
189 ((string= feature "lispstrack")
192 (error "Unknown reader form.")))))))
194 (let ((string (read-until stream #'terminalp)))
195 (if (every #'digit-char-p string)
196 (parse-integer string)
197 (intern (string-upcase string))))))))
199 (defun ls-read-from-string (string)
200 (ls-read (make-string-stream string)))
205 (defvar *compilation-unit-checks* '())
210 (defun make-binding (name type js declared)
211 (list name type js declared))
213 (defun binding-name (b) (first b))
214 (defun binding-type (b) (second b))
215 (defun binding-translation (b) (third b))
216 (defun binding-declared (b)
218 (defun mark-binding-as-declared (b)
219 (setcar (cdddr b) t))
222 (defun gvarname (symbol)
223 (concat "v" (integer-to-string (incf counter))))
225 (defun lookup-variable (symbol env)
226 (or (assoc symbol env)
228 (let ((name (symbol-name symbol))
229 (binding (make-binding symbol 'variable (gvarname symbol) nil)))
232 (unless (binding-declared (assoc symbol *env*))
233 (error (concat "Undefined variable `" name "'"))))
234 *compilation-unit-checks*)
237 (defun lookup-variable-translation (symbol env)
238 (binding-translation (lookup-variable symbol env)))
240 (defun extend-local-env (args env)
241 (append (mapcar (lambda (symbol)
242 (make-binding symbol 'variable (gvarname symbol) t))
247 (defun lookup-function (symbol env)
248 (or (assoc symbol env)
249 (assoc symbol *fenv*)
250 (let ((name (symbol-name symbol))
254 (concat "f" (integer-to-string (incf counter)))
256 (push binding *fenv*)
258 (unless (binding-declared (assoc symbol *fenv*))
259 (error (concat "Undefined function `" name "'"))))
260 *compilation-unit-checks*)
263 (defun lookup-function-translation (symbol env)
264 (binding-translation (lookup-function symbol env))))
267 (defvar *toplevel-compilations* nil)
269 (defun %compile-defvar (name)
270 (let ((b (lookup-variable name *env*)))
271 (mark-binding-as-declared b)
272 (push (concat "var " (binding-translation b)) *toplevel-compilations*)))
274 (defun %compile-defun (name)
275 (let ((b (lookup-function name *env*)))
276 (mark-binding-as-declared b)
277 (push (concat "var " (binding-translation b)) *toplevel-compilations*)))
279 (defun %compile-defmacro (name lambda)
280 (push (make-binding name 'macro lambda t) *fenv*))
283 (defvar *compilations* nil)
285 (defun ls-compile-block (sexps env fenv)
287 (remove nil (mapcar (lambda (x)
288 (ls-compile x env fenv))
292 (defmacro define-compilation (name args &rest body)
293 ;; Creates a new primitive `name' with parameters args and
294 ;; @body. The body can access to the local environment through the
296 `(push (list ',name (lambda (env fenv ,@args) ,@body))
299 (define-compilation if (condition true false)
301 (ls-compile condition env fenv)
303 (ls-compile true env fenv)
305 (ls-compile false env fenv)
308 ;;; Return the required args of a lambda list
309 (defun lambda-list-required-argument (lambda-list)
310 (if (or (null lambda-list) (eq (car lambda-list) '&rest))
312 (cons (car lambda-list) (lambda-list-required-argument (cdr lambda-list)))))
314 (defun lambda-list-rest-argument (lambda-list)
315 (second (member '&rest lambda-list)))
317 (define-compilation lambda (lambda-list &rest body)
318 (let ((required-arguments (lambda-list-required-argument lambda-list))
319 (rest-argument (lambda-list-rest-argument lambda-list)))
320 (let ((new-env (extend-local-env
321 (append (and rest-argument (list rest-argument))
324 (concat "(function ("
325 (join (mapcar (lambda (x)
326 (lookup-variable-translation x new-env))
332 (let ((js!rest (lookup-variable-translation rest-argument new-env)))
333 (concat "var " js!rest "= false;" *newline*
334 "for (var i = arguments.length-1; i>="
335 (integer-to-string (length required-arguments))
338 "{car: arguments[i], cdr: " js!rest "};"
341 (concat (ls-compile-block (butlast body) new-env fenv)
342 "return " (ls-compile (car (last body)) new-env fenv) ";")
346 (define-compilation fsetq (var val)
347 (concat (lookup-function-translation var fenv)
349 (ls-compile val env fenv)))
351 (define-compilation setq (var val)
352 (concat (lookup-variable-translation var env)
354 (ls-compile val env fenv)))
358 (defun escape-string (string)
361 (size (length string)))
362 (while (< index size)
363 (let ((ch (char string index)))
364 (when (or (char= ch #\") (char= ch #\\))
365 (setq output (concat output "\\")))
366 (when (or (char= ch #\newline))
367 (setq output (concat output "\\"))
369 (setq output (concat output (string ch))))
373 (defun literal->js (sexp)
375 ((null sexp) "false")
376 ((integerp sexp) (integer-to-string sexp))
377 ((stringp sexp) (concat "\"" (escape-string sexp) "\""))
378 ((symbolp sexp) (ls-compile `(intern ,(escape-string (symbol-name sexp))) *env* *fenv*))
379 ((consp sexp) (concat "{car: "
380 (literal->js (car sexp))
382 (literal->js (cdr sexp)) "}"))))
385 (defun literal (form)
390 (let ((var (concat "l" (integer-to-string (incf counter)))))
391 (push (concat "var " var " = " (literal->js form)) *toplevel-compilations*)
394 (define-compilation quote (sexp)
397 (define-compilation debug (form)
398 (concat "console.log(" (ls-compile form env fenv) ")"))
400 (define-compilation while (pred &rest body)
401 (concat "(function(){ while("
402 (ls-compile pred env fenv)
404 (ls-compile-block body env fenv)
407 (define-compilation function (x)
409 ((and (listp x) (eq (car x) 'lambda))
410 (ls-compile x env fenv))
412 (lookup-function-translation x fenv))))
415 (defmacro eval-when-compile (&body body)
416 `(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute)
419 (define-compilation eval-when-compile (&rest body)
420 (eval (cons 'progn body))
423 (defmacro define-transformation (name args form)
424 `(define-compilation ,name ,args
425 (ls-compile ,form env fenv)))
427 (define-transformation progn (&rest body)
428 `((lambda () ,@body)))
430 (define-transformation let (bindings &rest body)
431 (let ((bindings (mapcar #'ensure-list bindings)))
432 `((lambda ,(mapcar 'car bindings) ,@body)
433 ,@(mapcar 'cadr bindings))))
435 ;;; A little backquote implementation without optimizations of any
436 ;;; kind for lispstrack.
437 (defun backquote-expand-1 (form)
443 ((eq (car form) 'unquote)
445 ((eq (car form) 'backquote)
446 (backquote-expand-1 (backquote-expand-1 (cadr form))))
451 ((and (listp s) (eq (car s) 'unquote))
452 (list 'list (cadr s)))
453 ((and (listp s) (eq (car s) 'unquote-splicing))
456 (list 'list (backquote-expand-1 s)))))
459 (defun backquote-expand (form)
460 (if (and (listp form) (eq (car form) 'backquote))
461 (backquote-expand-1 (cadr form))
464 (defmacro backquote (form)
465 (backquote-expand-1 form))
467 (define-transformation backquote (form)
468 (backquote-expand-1 form))
472 (define-compilation + (x y)
473 (concat "((" (ls-compile x env fenv) ") + (" (ls-compile y env fenv) "))"))
475 (define-compilation - (x y)
476 (concat "((" (ls-compile x env fenv) ") - (" (ls-compile y env fenv) "))"))
478 (define-compilation * (x y)
479 (concat "((" (ls-compile x env fenv) ") * (" (ls-compile y env fenv) "))"))
481 (define-compilation / (x y)
482 (concat "((" (ls-compile x env fenv) ") / (" (ls-compile y env fenv) "))"))
484 (define-compilation < (x y)
485 (concat "((" (ls-compile x env fenv) ") < (" (ls-compile y env fenv) "))"))
487 (define-compilation = (x y)
488 (concat "((" (ls-compile x env fenv) ") == (" (ls-compile y env fenv) "))"))
490 (define-compilation numberp (x)
491 (concat "(typeof (" (ls-compile x env fenv) ") == \"number\")"))
494 (define-compilation mod (x y)
495 (concat "((" (ls-compile x env fenv) ") % (" (ls-compile y env fenv) "))"))
497 (define-compilation floor (x)
498 (concat "(Math.floor(" (ls-compile x env fenv) "))"))
500 (define-compilation null (x)
501 (concat "(" (ls-compile x env fenv) "== false)"))
503 (define-compilation cons (x y)
504 (concat "{car: " (ls-compile x env fenv) ", cdr: " (ls-compile y env fenv) "}"))
506 (define-compilation consp (x)
507 (concat "(function(){ var tmp = "
508 (ls-compile x env fenv)
509 "; return (typeof tmp == 'object' && 'car' in tmp);})()"))
511 (define-compilation car (x)
512 (concat "(" (ls-compile x env fenv) ").car"))
514 (define-compilation cdr (x)
515 (concat "(" (ls-compile x env fenv) ").cdr"))
517 (define-compilation setcar (x new)
518 (concat "((" (ls-compile x env fenv) ").car = " (ls-compile new env fenv) ")"))
520 (define-compilation setcdr (x new)
521 (concat "((" (ls-compile x env fenv) ").cdr = " (ls-compile new env fenv) ")"))
523 (define-compilation symbolp (x)
524 (concat "(function(){ var tmp = "
525 (ls-compile x env fenv)
526 "; return (typeof tmp == 'object' && 'name' in tmp); })()"))
528 (define-compilation make-symbol (name)
529 (concat "{name: " (ls-compile name env fenv) "}"))
531 (define-compilation symbol-name (x)
532 (concat "(" (ls-compile x env fenv) ").name"))
534 (define-compilation eq (x y)
535 (concat "(" (ls-compile x env fenv) " === " (ls-compile y env fenv) ")"))
537 (define-compilation equal (x y)
538 (concat "(" (ls-compile x env fenv) " == " (ls-compile y env fenv) ")"))
540 (define-compilation string (x)
541 (concat "String.fromCharCode(" (ls-compile x env fenv) ")"))
543 (define-compilation stringp (x)
544 (concat "(typeof(" (ls-compile x env fenv) ") == \"string\")"))
546 (define-compilation string-upcase (x)
547 (concat "(" (ls-compile x env fenv) ").toUpperCase()"))
549 (define-compilation string-length (x)
550 (concat "(" (ls-compile x env fenv) ").length"))
552 (define-compilation char (string index)
554 (ls-compile string env fenv)
556 (ls-compile index env fenv)
559 (define-compilation concat-two (string1 string2)
561 (ls-compile string1 env fenv)
563 (ls-compile string2 env fenv)
566 (define-compilation funcall (func &rest args)
568 (ls-compile func env fenv)
570 (join (mapcar (lambda (x)
571 (ls-compile x env fenv))
576 (define-compilation apply (func &rest args)
578 (concat "(" (ls-compile func env fenv) ")()")
579 (let ((args (butlast args))
580 (last (car (last args))))
581 (concat "function(){" *newline*
582 "var f = " (ls-compile func env fenv) ";" *newline*
583 "var args = [" (join (mapcar (lambda (x)
584 (ls-compile x env fenv))
588 "var tail = (" (ls-compile last env fenv) ");" *newline*
589 "while (tail != false){" *newline*
590 " args.push(tail[0]);" *newline*
591 " args = args.slice(1);" *newline*
593 "return f.apply(this, args);" *newline*
596 (define-compilation js-eval (string)
597 (concat "eval(" (ls-compile string env fenv) ")"))
600 (define-compilation error (string)
601 (concat "(function (){ throw " (ls-compile string env fenv) ";" "return 0;})()"))
603 (define-compilation new ()
606 (define-compilation get (object key)
607 (concat "(" (ls-compile object env fenv) ")[" (ls-compile key env fenv) "]"))
609 (define-compilation set (object key value)
611 (ls-compile object env fenv)
613 (ls-compile key env fenv) "]"
614 " = " (ls-compile value env fenv) ")"))
617 (and (symbolp x) (eq (binding-type (lookup-function x *fenv*)) 'macro)))
619 (defun ls-macroexpand-1 (form env fenv)
620 (when (macrop (car form))
621 (let ((binding (lookup-function (car form) *env*)))
622 (if (eq (binding-type binding) 'macro)
623 (apply (eval (binding-translation binding)) (cdr form))
626 (defun compile-funcall (function args env fenv)
629 (concat (lookup-function-translation function fenv)
631 (join (mapcar (lambda (x) (ls-compile x env fenv)) args)
634 ((and (listp function) (eq (car function) 'lambda))
635 (concat "(" (ls-compile function env fenv) ")("
636 (join (mapcar (lambda (x) (ls-compile x env fenv)) args)
640 (error (concat "Invalid function designator " (symbol-name function))))))
642 (defun ls-compile (sexp env fenv)
644 ((symbolp sexp) (lookup-variable-translation sexp env))
645 ((integerp sexp) (integer-to-string sexp))
646 ((stringp sexp) (concat "\"" (escape-string sexp) "\""))
648 (if (assoc (car sexp) *compilations*)
649 (let ((comp (second (assoc (car sexp) *compilations*))))
650 (apply comp env fenv (cdr sexp)))
651 (if (macrop (car sexp))
652 (ls-compile (ls-macroexpand-1 sexp env fenv) env fenv)
653 (compile-funcall (car sexp) (cdr sexp) env fenv))))))
655 (defmacro with-compilation-unit (&rest body)
659 (setq *compilation-unit-checks* nil)
661 (dolist (check *compilation-unit-checks*)
665 (setq *compilation-unit-checks* nil)))
667 (defun ls-compile-toplevel (sexp)
668 (setq *toplevel-compilations* nil)
669 (let ((code (ls-compile sexp nil nil)))
671 (concat "/* " (princ-to-string sexp) " */"
672 (join (mapcar (lambda (x) (concat x ";" *newline*))
673 *toplevel-compilations*)
676 (setq *toplevel-compilations* nil))))
680 (defun read-whole-file (filename)
681 (with-open-file (in filename)
682 (let ((seq (make-array (file-length in) :element-type 'character)))
683 (read-sequence seq in)
686 (defun ls-compile-file (filename output)
687 (setq *env* nil *fenv* nil)
688 (setq *compilation-unit-checks* nil)
689 (with-open-file (out output :direction :output :if-exists :supersede)
690 (let* ((source (read-whole-file filename))
691 (in (make-string-stream source)))
695 for compilation = (ls-compile-toplevel x)
696 when (plusp (length compilation))
697 do (write-line (concat compilation "; ") out))
698 (dolist (check *compilation-unit-checks*)
700 (setq *compilation-unit-checks* nil))))
703 (ls-compile-file "lispstrack.lisp" "lispstrack.js")))