1 ;;;; garbage collection and allocation-related code
3 ;;;; This software is part of the SBCL system. See the README file for
6 ;;;; This software is derived from the CMU CL system, which was
7 ;;;; written at Carnegie Mellon University and released into the
8 ;;;; public domain. The software is in the public domain and is
9 ;;;; provided with absolutely no warranty. See the COPYING and CREDITS
10 ;;;; files for more information.
12 (in-package "SB!KERNEL")
14 ;;;; DYNAMIC-USAGE and friends
17 (declaim (inline current-dynamic-space-start))
19 (defun current-dynamic-space-start () sb!vm:dynamic-space-start)
21 (defun current-dynamic-space-start ()
22 (sb!alien:extern-alien "current_dynamic_space" sb!alien:unsigned-long))
25 (declaim (inline dynamic-usage))
27 (defun dynamic-usage ()
28 (sb!alien:extern-alien "bytes_allocated" os-vm-size-t))
30 (defun dynamic-usage ()
31 (the (unsigned-byte 32)
32 (- (sb!sys:sap-int (sb!c::dynamic-space-free-pointer))
33 (current-dynamic-space-start))))
35 (defun static-space-usage ()
36 (- (ash sb!vm:*static-space-free-pointer* sb!vm:n-fixnum-tag-bits)
37 sb!vm:static-space-start))
39 (defun read-only-space-usage ()
40 (- (ash sb!vm::*read-only-space-free-pointer* sb!vm:n-fixnum-tag-bits)
41 sb!vm:read-only-space-start))
43 (defun control-stack-usage ()
44 #!-stack-grows-downward-not-upward
45 (- (sb!sys:sap-int (sb!c::control-stack-pointer-sap))
46 (sb!sys:sap-int (sb!di::descriptor-sap sb!vm:*control-stack-start*)))
47 #!+stack-grows-downward-not-upward
48 (- (sb!sys:sap-int (sb!di::descriptor-sap sb!vm:*control-stack-end*))
49 (sb!sys:sap-int (sb!c::control-stack-pointer-sap))))
51 (defun binding-stack-usage ()
52 (- (sb!sys:sap-int (sb!c::binding-stack-pointer-sap))
53 (sb!sys:sap-int (sb!di::descriptor-sap sb!vm:*binding-stack-start*))))
57 (defun room-minimal-info ()
58 (format t "Dynamic space usage is: ~10:D bytes.~%" (dynamic-usage))
59 (format t "Read-only space usage is: ~10:D bytes.~%" (read-only-space-usage))
60 (format t "Static space usage is: ~10:D bytes.~%" (static-space-usage))
61 (format t "Control stack usage is: ~10:D bytes.~%" (control-stack-usage))
62 (format t "Binding stack usage is: ~10:D bytes.~%" (binding-stack-usage))
65 "Control and binding stack usage is for the current thread only.~%")
66 (format t "Garbage collection is currently ~:[enabled~;DISABLED~].~%"
69 (defun room-intermediate-info ()
71 (sb!vm:memory-usage :count-spaces '(:dynamic)
76 (defun room-maximal-info ()
77 ;; FIXME: SB!VM:INSTANCE-USAGE calls suppressed until bug 344 is fixed
78 (room-intermediate-info)
79 ;; old way, could be restored when bug 344 fixed:
80 ;;x (room-minimal-info)
81 ;;x (sb!vm:memory-usage :count-spaces '(:static :dynamic))
82 ;;x (sb!vm:instance-usage :dynamic :top-n 10)
83 ;;x (sb!vm:instance-usage :static :top-n 10)
86 (defun room (&optional (verbosity :default))
88 "Print to *STANDARD-OUTPUT* information about the state of internal
89 storage and its management. The optional argument controls the
90 verbosity of output. If it is T, ROOM prints out a maximal amount of
91 information. If it is NIL, ROOM prints out a minimal amount of
92 information. If it is :DEFAULT or it is not supplied, ROOM prints out
93 an intermediate amount of information."
101 (room-intermediate-info)))
104 ;;;; GET-BYTES-CONSED
106 ;;; the total number of bytes freed so far (including any freeing
107 ;;; which goes on in PURIFY)
109 ;;; (We save this so that we can calculate the total number of bytes
110 ;;; ever allocated by adding this to the number of bytes currently
111 ;;; allocated and never freed.)
112 (declaim (type unsigned-byte *n-bytes-freed-or-purified*))
113 (defvar *n-bytes-freed-or-purified* 0)
115 (setq *gc-inhibit* nil)
117 (setf *n-bytes-freed-or-purified* 0
119 ;; See comment in interr.lisp
120 *heap-exhausted-error-condition* (make-condition 'heap-exhausted-error)))
122 (declaim (ftype (sfunction () unsigned-byte) get-bytes-consed))
123 (defun get-bytes-consed ()
125 "Return the number of bytes consed since the program began. Typically
126 this result will be a consed bignum, so if you have an application (e.g.
127 profiling) which can't tolerate the overhead of consing bignums, you'll
128 probably want either to hack in at a lower level (as the code in the
129 SB-PROFILE package does), or to design a more microefficient interface
130 and submit it as a patch."
132 *n-bytes-freed-or-purified*))
136 (defvar *after-gc-hooks* nil
137 "Called after each garbage collection, except for garbage collections
138 triggered during thread exits. In a multithreaded environment these hooks may
144 (sb!alien:define-alien-routine collect-garbage sb!alien:int
145 (#!+gencgc last-gen #!-gencgc ignore sb!alien:int))
149 (sb!alien:define-alien-routine gc-stop-the-world sb!alien:void)
150 (sb!alien:define-alien-routine gc-start-the-world sb!alien:void))
153 (defun gc-stop-the-world ())
154 (defun gc-start-the-world ()))
158 (sb!alien:define-alien-variable ("gc_logfile" %gc-logfile) (* char))
159 (defun (setf gc-logfile) (pathname)
160 (let ((new (when pathname
161 (sb!alien:make-alien-string
162 (native-namestring (translate-logical-pathname pathname)
165 (setf %gc-logfile new)
167 (sb!alien:free-alien old))))
170 "Return the pathname used to log garbage collections. Can be SETF.
171 Default is NIL, meaning collections are not logged. If non-null, the
172 designated file is opened before and after each collection, and generation
173 statistics are appended to it."
174 (let ((val %gc-logfile))
176 (native-pathname (cast val c-string)))))
177 (declaim (inline dynamic-space-size))
178 (defun dynamic-space-size ()
179 "Size of the dynamic space in bytes."
180 (sb!alien:extern-alien "dynamic_space_size" os-vm-size-t)))
184 ;;; SUB-GC does a garbage collection. This is called from three places:
185 ;;; (1) The C runtime will call here when it detects that we've consed
186 ;;; enough to exceed the gc trigger threshold. This is done in
187 ;;; alloc() for gencgc or interrupt_maybe_gc() for cheneygc
188 ;;; (2) The user may request a collection using GC, below
189 ;;; (3) At the end of a WITHOUT-GCING section, we are called if
190 ;;; *NEED-TO-COLLECT-GARBAGE* is true
192 ;;; This is different from the behaviour in 0.7 and earlier: it no
193 ;;; longer decides whether to GC based on thresholds. If you call
194 ;;; SUB-GC you will definitely get a GC either now or when the
195 ;;; WITHOUT-GCING is over
197 ;;; For GENCGC all generations < GEN will be GC'ed.
199 (defvar *already-in-gc* (sb!thread:make-mutex :name "GC lock"))
201 ;;; A unique GC id. This is supplied for code that needs to detect
202 ;;; whether a GC has happened since some earlier point in time. For
205 ;;; (let ((epoch *gc-epoch*))
207 ;;; (unless (eql epoch *gc-epoch)
210 ;;; This isn't just a fixnum counter since then we'd have theoretical
211 ;;; problems when exactly 2^29 GCs happen between epoch
212 ;;; comparisons. Unlikely, but the cost of using a cons instead is too
213 ;;; small to measure. -- JES, 2007-09-30
214 (declaim (type cons *gc-epoch*))
215 (defvar *gc-epoch* (cons nil nil))
217 (defun sub-gc (&key (gen 0))
219 (setf *gc-pending* t)
223 (setf *gc-pending* :in-progress)
224 ;; Tricks to to prevent triggerring a recursive gc. This is
225 ;; like a WITHOUT-GCING inside the lock except that we
226 ;; cannot call MAYBE-HANDLE-PENDING-GC at the end, because
227 ;; that would lead to a recursive attempt on the lock. In
228 ;; case you are wondering, wrapping the lock in a
229 ;; WITHOUT-GCING would also deadlock. The
230 ;; *IN-WITHOUT-GCING* part is used to tell the runtime that
231 ;; it's ok to have a pending gc even though *GC-INHIBIT* is
234 ;; Now, if GET-MUTEX did not cons, that would be enough.
235 ;; Because it does, we need the :IN-PROGRESS bit above to
236 ;; tell the runtime not to trigger gcs.
237 (sb!thread::without-thread-waiting-for (:already-without-interrupts t)
238 (let* ((sb!impl::*in-without-gcing* t)
239 (sb!impl::*deadline* nil)
240 (sb!impl::*deadline-seconds* nil))
241 (sb!thread:with-mutex (*already-in-gc*)
242 (let ((*gc-inhibit* t))
243 (let ((old-usage (dynamic-usage))
245 (unsafe-clear-roots gen)
247 (let ((start-time (get-internal-run-time)))
248 (collect-garbage gen)
249 (setf *gc-epoch* (cons nil nil))
250 (let ((run-time (- (get-internal-run-time) start-time)))
251 ;; KLUDGE: Sometimes we see the second getrusage() call
252 ;; return a smaller value than the first, which can
253 ;; lead to *GC-RUN-TIME* to going negative, which in
254 ;; turn is a type-error.
255 (when (plusp run-time)
256 (incf *gc-run-time* run-time))))
257 (setf *gc-pending* nil
258 new-usage (dynamic-usage))
260 (assert (not *stop-for-gc-pending*))
262 ;; In a multithreaded environment the other threads
263 ;; will see *n-b-f-o-p* change a little late, but
265 (let ((freed (- old-usage new-usage)))
266 ;; GENCGC occasionally reports negative here, but
267 ;; the current belief is that it is part of the
268 ;; normal order of things and not a bug.
270 (incf *n-bytes-freed-or-purified* freed))))))))
271 ;; While holding the mutex we were protected from
272 ;; SIG_STOP_FOR_GC and recursive GCs. Now, in order to
273 ;; preserve the invariant (*GC-PENDING* ->
274 ;; pseudo-atomic-interrupted or *GC-INHIBIT*), let's check
275 ;; explicitly for a pending gc before interrupts are
277 (maybe-handle-pending-gc))
281 ;; Outside the mutex, interrupts may be enabled: these may cause
282 ;; another GC. FIXME: it can potentially exceed maximum interrupt
283 ;; nesting by triggering GCs.
285 ;; Can that be avoided by having the finalizers and hooks run only
286 ;; from the outermost SUB-GC? If the nested GCs happen in interrupt
287 ;; handlers that's not enough.
289 ;; KLUDGE: Don't run the hooks in GC's if:
291 ;; A) this thread is dying, so that user-code never runs with
292 ;; (thread-alive-p *current-thread*) => nil
294 ;; B) interrupts are disabled somewhere up the call chain since we
295 ;; don't want to run user code in such a case.
297 ;; The long-term solution will be to keep a separate thread for
298 ;; finalizers and after-gc hooks.
299 (when (sb!thread:thread-alive-p sb!thread:*current-thread*)
300 (when *allow-with-interrupts*
301 (sb!thread::without-thread-waiting-for ()
303 (run-pending-finalizers)
304 (call-hooks "after-GC" *after-gc-hooks* :on-error :warn))))))
306 ;;; This is the user-advertised garbage collection function.
307 (defun gc (&key (gen 0) (full nil) &allow-other-keys)
308 #!+(and sb-doc gencgc)
309 "Initiate a garbage collection. GEN controls the number of generations
311 #!+(and sb-doc (not gencgc))
312 "Initiate a garbage collection. GEN may be provided for compatibility with
313 generational garbage collectors, but is ignored in this implementation."
314 (when (sub-gc :gen (if full 6 gen))
317 (define-alien-routine scrub-control-stack sb!alien:void)
319 (defun unsafe-clear-roots (gen)
320 #!-gencgc (declare (ignore gen))
321 ;; KLUDGE: Do things in an attempt to get rid of extra roots. Unsafe
322 ;; as having these cons more then we have space left leads to huge
324 (scrub-control-stack)
325 ;; Power cache of the bignum printer: drops overly large bignums and
326 ;; removes duplicate entries.
328 ;; Clear caches depending on the generation being collected.
332 (ctype-of-cache-clear))
334 (drop-all-hash-caches)))
336 (drop-all-hash-caches))
338 ;;;; auxiliary functions
340 (defun bytes-consed-between-gcs ()
342 "The amount of memory that will be allocated before the next garbage
343 collection is initiated. This can be set with SETF.
345 On GENCGC platforms this is the nursery size, and defaults to 5% of dynamic
348 Note: currently changes to this value are lost when saving core."
349 (sb!alien:extern-alien "bytes_consed_between_gcs" os-vm-size-t))
351 (defun (setf bytes-consed-between-gcs) (val)
352 (declare (type index val))
353 (setf (sb!alien:extern-alien "bytes_consed_between_gcs" os-vm-size-t)
356 (declaim (inline maybe-handle-pending-gc))
357 (defun maybe-handle-pending-gc ()
358 (when (and (not *gc-inhibit*)
359 (or #!+sb-thread *stop-for-gc-pending*
361 (sb!unix::receive-pending-interrupt)))
363 ;;;; GENCGC specifics
365 ;;;; For documentation convenience, these have stubs on non-GENCGC platforms
368 (deftype generation-index ()
369 '(integer 0 #.sb!vm:+pseudo-static-generation+))
371 ;;; FIXME: GENERATION (and PAGE, as seen in room.lisp) should probably be
372 ;;; defined in Lisp, and written to header files by genesis, instead of this
373 ;;; OAOOMiness -- this duplicates the struct definition in gencgc.c.
375 (define-alien-type generation
377 (alloc-start-page page-index-t)
378 (alloc-unboxed-start-page page-index-t)
379 (alloc-large-start-page page-index-t)
380 (alloc-large-unboxed-start-page page-index-t)
381 (bytes-allocated os-vm-size-t)
382 (gc-trigger os-vm-size-t)
383 (bytes-consed-between-gcs os-vm-size-t)
385 (number-of-gcs-before-promotion int)
386 (cum-sum-bytes-allocated os-vm-size-t)
387 (minimum-age-before-gc double)))
390 (define-alien-variable generations
391 (array generation #.(1+ sb!vm:+pseudo-static-generation+)))
393 (macrolet ((def (slot doc &optional setfp)
394 (declare (ignorable doc))
396 (defun ,(symbolicate "GENERATION-" slot) (generation)
400 (declare (generation-index generation))
402 (declare (ignore generation))
404 (error "~S is a GENCGC only function and unavailable in this build"
407 (slot (deref generations generation) ',slot))
409 `((defun (setf ,(symbolicate "GENERATION-" slot)) (value generation)
411 (declare (generation-index generation))
413 (declare (ignore value generation))
415 (error "(SETF ~S) is a GENCGC only function and unavailable in this build"
418 (setf (slot (deref generations generation) ',slot) value)))))))
419 (def bytes-consed-between-gcs
420 "Number of bytes that can be allocated to GENERATION before that
421 generation is considered for garbage collection. This value is meaningless for
422 generation 0 (the nursery): see BYTES-CONSED-BETWEEN-GCS instead. Default is
423 5% of the dynamic space size. Can be assigned to using SETF. Available on
424 GENCGC platforms only.
426 Experimental: interface subject to change."
428 (def minimum-age-before-gc
429 "Minimum average age of objects allocated to GENERATION before that
430 generation is may be garbage collected. Default is 0.75. See also
431 GENERATION-AVERAGE-AGE. Can be assigned to using SETF. Available on GENCGC
434 Experimental: interface subject to change."
436 (def number-of-gcs-before-promotion
437 "Number of times garbage collection is done on GENERATION before
438 automatic promotion to the next generation is triggered. Default is 1. Can be
439 assigned to using SETF. Available on GENCGC platforms only.
441 Experimental: interface subject to change."
444 "Number of bytes allocated to GENERATION currently. Available on GENCGC
447 Experimental: interface subject to change.")
449 "Number of times garbage collection has been done on GENERATION without
450 promotion. Available on GENCGC platforms only.
452 Experimental: interface subject to change."))
453 (defun generation-average-age (generation)
454 "Average age of memory allocated to GENERATION: average number of times
455 objects allocated to the generation have seen younger objects promoted to it.
456 Available on GENCGC platforms only.
458 Experimental: interface subject to change."
460 (declare (generation-index generation))
461 #!-gencgc (declare (ignore generation))
463 (error "~S is a GENCGC only function and unavailable in this build."
464 'generation-average-age)
466 (alien-funcall (extern-alien "generation_average_age"
467 (function double generation-index-t))