1 ;;;; This file implements type check generation. This is a phase that
2 ;;;; runs at the very end of IR1. If a type check is too complex for
3 ;;;; the back end to directly emit in-line, then we transform the check
4 ;;;; into an explicit conditional using TYPEP.
6 ;;;; This software is part of the SBCL system. See the README file for
9 ;;;; This software is derived from the CMU CL system, which was
10 ;;;; written at Carnegie Mellon University and released into the
11 ;;;; public domain. The software is in the public domain and is
12 ;;;; provided with absolutely no warranty. See the COPYING and CREDITS
13 ;;;; files for more information.
19 ;;; Return some sort of guess about the cost of a call to a function.
20 ;;; If the function has some templates, we return the cost of the
21 ;;; cheapest one, otherwise we return the cost of CALL-NAMED. Calling
22 ;;; this with functions that have transforms can result in relatively
23 ;;; meaningless results (exaggerated costs.)
25 ;;; We special-case NULL, since it does have a source tranform and is
26 ;;; interesting to us.
27 (defun fun-guessed-cost (name)
28 (declare (symbol name))
29 (let ((info (info :function :info name))
30 (call-cost (template-cost (template-or-lose 'call-named))))
32 (let ((templates (fun-info-templates info)))
34 (template-cost (first templates))
36 (null (template-cost (template-or-lose 'if-eq)))
40 ;;; Return some sort of guess for the cost of doing a test against
41 ;;; TYPE. The result need not be precise as long as it isn't way out
42 ;;; in space. The units are based on the costs specified for various
43 ;;; templates in the VM definition.
44 (defun type-test-cost (type)
45 (declare (type ctype type))
46 (or (let ((check (type-check-template type)))
49 (let ((found (cdr (assoc type *backend-type-predicates*
52 (+ (fun-guessed-cost found) (fun-guessed-cost 'eq))
56 (reduce #'+ (compound-type-types type) :key 'type-test-cost))
58 (* (length (member-type-members type))
59 (fun-guessed-cost 'eq)))
61 (* (if (numeric-type-complexp type) 2 1)
63 (if (csubtypep type (specifier-type 'fixnum)) 'fixnump 'numberp))
65 (if (numeric-type-low type) 1 0)
66 (if (numeric-type-high type) 1 0))))
68 (+ (type-test-cost (specifier-type 'cons))
69 (fun-guessed-cost 'car)
70 (type-test-cost (cons-type-car-type type))
71 (fun-guessed-cost 'cdr)
72 (type-test-cost (cons-type-cdr-type type))))
74 (fun-guessed-cost 'typep)))))
77 (weaken-type :hash-bits 8
78 :hash-function (lambda (x)
79 (logand (type-hash-value x) #xFF)))
81 (declare (type ctype type))
82 (let ((min-cost (type-test-cost type))
85 (dolist (x *backend-type-predicates*)
86 (let ((stype (car x)))
87 (when (and (csubtypep type stype)
88 (not (union-type-p stype)))
89 (let ((stype-cost (type-test-cost stype)))
90 (when (or (< stype-cost min-cost)
92 ;; If the supertype is equal in cost to the type, we
93 ;; prefer the supertype. This produces a closer
94 ;; approximation of the right thing in the presence of
98 min-cost stype-cost))))))
103 (defun weaken-values-type (type)
104 (declare (type ctype type))
105 (cond ((eq type *wild-type*) type)
106 ((not (values-type-p type))
109 (make-values-type :required (mapcar #'weaken-type
110 (values-type-required type))
111 :optional (mapcar #'weaken-type
112 (values-type-optional type))
113 :rest (acond ((values-type-rest type)
114 (weaken-type it)))))))
116 ;;;; checking strategy determination
118 ;;; Return the type we should test for when we really want to check
119 ;;; for TYPE. If type checking policy is "fast", then we return a
120 ;;; weaker type if it is easier to check. First we try the defined
121 ;;; type weakenings, then look for any predicate that is cheaper.
122 (defun maybe-weaken-check (type policy)
123 (declare (type ctype type))
124 (ecase (policy policy type-check)
126 (2 (weaken-values-type type))
129 ;;; This is like VALUES-TYPES, only we mash any complex function types
131 (defun no-fun-values-types (type)
132 (declare (type ctype type))
133 (multiple-value-bind (res count) (values-types type)
134 (values (mapcar (lambda (type)
135 (if (fun-type-p type)
136 (specifier-type 'function)
141 ;;; Switch to disable check complementing, for evaluation.
142 (defvar *complement-type-checks* t)
144 ;;; CONT is a continuation we are doing a type check on and TYPES is a
145 ;;; list of types that we are checking its values against. If we have
146 ;;; proven that CONT generates a fixed number of values, then for each
147 ;;; value, we check whether it is cheaper to then difference between
148 ;;; the proven type and the corresponding type in TYPES. If so, we opt
149 ;;; for a :HAIRY check with that test negated. Otherwise, we try to do
150 ;;; a simple test, and if that is impossible, we do a hairy test with
151 ;;; non-negated types. If true, FORCE-HAIRY forces a hairy type check.
153 ;;; When doing a non-negated check, we call MAYBE-WEAKEN-CHECK to
154 ;;; weaken the test to a convenient supertype (conditional on policy.)
155 ;;; If SPEED is 3, or DEBUG-INFO is not particularly important (DEBUG
156 ;;; <= 1), then we allow weakened checks to be simple, resulting in
157 ;;; less informative error messages, but saving space and possibly
160 ;;; FIXME: I don't quite understand this, but it looks as though
161 ;;; that means type checks are weakened when SPEED=3 regardless of
162 ;;; the SAFETY level, which is not the right thing to do.
163 (defun maybe-negate-check (lvar types original-types force-hairy)
164 (declare (type lvar lvar) (list types))
165 (multiple-value-bind (ptypes count)
166 (no-fun-values-types (lvar-derived-type lvar))
167 (if (eq count :unknown)
168 (if (and (every #'type-check-template types) (not force-hairy))
169 (values :simple types)
170 (values :hairy (mapcar (lambda (x) (list nil x x)) types)))
171 (let ((res (mapcar (lambda (p c a)
172 (let ((diff (type-difference p c)))
174 (< (type-test-cost diff)
176 *complement-type-checks*)
179 ptypes types original-types)))
180 (cond ((or force-hairy (find-if #'first res))
182 ((every #'type-check-template types)
183 (values :simple types))
185 (values :hairy res)))))))
187 ;;; Determines whether CONT's assertion is:
188 ;;; -- checkable by the back end (:SIMPLE), or
189 ;;; -- not checkable by the back end, but checkable via an explicit
190 ;;; test in type check conversion (:HAIRY), or
191 ;;; -- not reasonably checkable at all (:TOO-HAIRY).
193 ;;; A type is checkable if it either represents a fixed number of
194 ;;; values (as determined by VALUES-TYPES), or it is the assertion for
195 ;;; an MV-BIND. A type is simply checkable if all the type assertions
196 ;;; have a TYPE-CHECK-TEMPLATE. In this :SIMPLE case, the second value
197 ;;; is a list of the type restrictions specified for the leading
198 ;;; positional values.
200 ;;; We force a check to be hairy even when there are fixed values if
201 ;;; we are in a context where we may be forced to use the unknown
202 ;;; values convention anyway. This is because IR2tran can't generate
203 ;;; type checks for unknown values continuations but people could
204 ;;; still be depending on the check being done. We only care about
205 ;;; EXIT and RETURN (not MV-COMBINATION) since these are the only
206 ;;; contexts where the ultimate values receiver
208 ;;; In the :HAIRY case, the second value is a list of triples of
210 ;;; (NOT-P TYPE ORIGINAL-TYPE)
212 ;;; If true, the NOT-P flag indicates a test that the corresponding
213 ;;; value is *not* of the specified TYPE. ORIGINAL-TYPE is the type
214 ;;; asserted on this value in the continuation, for use in error
215 ;;; messages. When NOT-P is true, this will be different from TYPE.
217 ;;; This allows us to take what has been proven about CONT's type into
218 ;;; consideration. If it is cheaper to test for the difference between
219 ;;; the derived type and the asserted type, then we check for the
220 ;;; negation of this type instead.
221 (defun cast-check-types (cast force-hairy)
222 (declare (type cast cast))
223 (let* ((ctype (coerce-to-values (cast-type-to-check cast)))
224 (atype (coerce-to-values (cast-asserted-type cast)))
225 (value (cast-value cast))
226 (vtype (lvar-derived-type value))
227 (lvar (node-lvar cast))
228 (dest (and lvar (lvar-dest lvar))))
229 (aver (not (eq ctype *wild-type*)))
230 (multiple-value-bind (ctypes count) (no-fun-values-types ctype)
231 (multiple-value-bind (atypes acount) (no-fun-values-types atype)
232 (multiple-value-bind (vtypes vcount) (values-types vtype)
233 (declare (ignore vtypes))
234 (aver (eq count acount))
235 (cond ((not (eq count :unknown))
236 (if (or (exit-p dest)
238 (multiple-value-bind (ignore count)
239 (values-types (return-result-type dest))
240 (declare (ignore ignore))
241 (eq count :unknown))))
242 (maybe-negate-check value ctypes atypes t)
243 (maybe-negate-check value ctypes atypes force-hairy)))
244 ((and (lvar-single-value-p lvar)
245 (or (not (args-type-rest ctype))
246 (eq (args-type-rest ctype) *universal-type*)))
247 (principal-lvar-single-valuify lvar)
248 (let ((creq (car (args-type-required ctype))))
249 (multiple-value-setq (ctype atype)
251 (values creq (car (args-type-required atype)))
252 (values (car (args-type-optional ctype))
253 (car (args-type-optional atype)))))
254 (maybe-negate-check value
255 (list ctype) (list atype)
257 ((and (mv-combination-p dest)
258 (eq (mv-combination-kind dest) :local))
259 (let* ((fun-ref (lvar-use (mv-combination-fun dest)))
260 (length (length (lambda-vars (ref-leaf fun-ref)))))
261 (maybe-negate-check value
263 (adjust-list (values-type-types ctype)
266 (adjust-list (values-type-types atype)
270 ((not (eq vcount :unknown))
271 (maybe-negate-check value
272 (values-type-out ctype vcount)
273 (values-type-out atype vcount)
276 (values :too-hairy nil))))))))
278 ;;; Do we want to do a type check?
279 (defun worth-type-check-p (cast)
280 (declare (type cast cast))
281 (let* ((lvar (node-lvar cast))
282 (dest (and lvar (lvar-dest lvar))))
283 (cond ((not (cast-type-check cast))
285 ((and (combination-p dest)
286 (call-full-like-p dest)
287 ;; The theory is that the type assertion is
288 ;; from a declaration in (or on) the callee,
289 ;; so the callee should be able to do the
290 ;; check. We want to let the callee do the
291 ;; check, because it is possible that by the
292 ;; time of call that declaration will be
293 ;; changed and we do not want to make people
294 ;; recompile all calls to a function when they
295 ;; were originally compiled with a bad
296 ;; declaration. (See also bug 35.)
297 (immediately-used-p lvar cast)
298 (values-subtypep (lvar-externally-checkable-type lvar)
299 (cast-type-to-check cast)))
304 ;;; Return true if CONT is a continuation whose type the back end is
305 ;;; likely to want to check. Since we don't know what template the
306 ;;; back end is going to choose to implement the continuation's DEST,
307 ;;; we use a heuristic. We always return T unless:
308 ;;; -- nobody uses the value, or
309 ;;; -- safety is totally unimportant, or
310 ;;; -- the continuation is an argument to an unknown function, or
311 ;;; -- the continuation is an argument to a known function that has
312 ;;; no IR2-CONVERT method or :FAST-SAFE templates that are
313 ;;; compatible with the call's type.
314 (defun probable-type-check-p (cast)
315 (declare (type cast cast))
316 (let* ((lvar (node-lvar cast))
317 (dest (and lvar (lvar-dest lvar))))
318 (cond ((not dest) nil)
321 (cond ((or (not dest)
322 (policy dest (zerop safety)))
324 ((basic-combination-p dest)
325 (let ((kind (basic-combination-kind dest)))
326 (cond ((eq cont (basic-combination-fun dest)) t)
329 (and (combination-p dest)
330 (not (values-subtypep ; explicit THE
331 (continuation-externally-checkable-type cont)
332 (continuation-type-to-check cont)))))
334 ((eq kind :error) nil)
335 ;; :ERROR means that we have an invalid syntax of
336 ;; the call and the callee will detect it before
337 ;; thinking about types.
339 ((fun-info-ir2-convert kind) t)
341 (dolist (template (fun-info-templates kind) nil)
342 (when (eq (template-ltn-policy template) :fast-safe)
343 (multiple-value-bind (val win)
344 (valid-fun-use dest (template-type template))
345 (when (or val (not win)) (return t)))))))))
348 ;;; Return a lambda form that we can convert to do a hairy type check
349 ;;; of the specified TYPES. TYPES is a list of the format returned by
350 ;;; CONTINUATION-CHECK-TYPES in the :HAIRY case.
352 ;;; Note that we don't attempt to check for required values being
353 ;;; unsupplied. Such checking is impossible to efficiently do at the
354 ;;; source level because our fixed-values conventions are optimized
355 ;;; for the common MV-BIND case.
356 (defun make-type-check-form (types)
357 (let ((temps (make-gensym-list (length types))))
358 `(multiple-value-bind ,temps
360 ,@(mapcar (lambda (temp type)
362 (let ((*unparse-fun-type-simplify* t))
363 (type-specifier (second type))))
364 (test (if (first type) `(not ,spec) spec)))
365 `(unless (typep ,temp ',test)
368 ',(type-specifier (third type))))))
373 ;;; Splice in explicit type check code immediately before the node
374 ;;; which is CONT's DEST. This code receives the value(s) that were
375 ;;; being passed to CONT, checks the type(s) of the value(s), then
376 ;;; passes them on to CONT.
377 (defun convert-type-check (cast types)
378 (declare (type cast cast) (type list types))
379 (let ((value (cast-value cast))
380 (length (length types)))
381 (filter-lvar value (make-type-check-form types))
382 (reoptimize-lvar (cast-value cast))
383 (setf (cast-type-to-check cast) *wild-type*)
384 (setf (cast-%type-check cast) nil)
385 (let* ((atype (cast-asserted-type cast))
386 (atype (cond ((not (values-type-p atype))
389 (single-value-type atype))
392 :required (values-type-out atype length)))))
393 (dtype (node-derived-type cast))
394 (dtype (make-values-type
395 :required (values-type-out dtype length))))
396 (setf (cast-asserted-type cast) atype)
397 (setf (node-derived-type cast) dtype)))
401 ;;; Check all possible arguments of CAST and emit type warnings for
402 ;;; those with type errors. If the value of USE is being used for a
403 ;;; variable binding, we figure out which one for source context. If
404 ;;; the value is a constant, we print it specially.
405 (defun cast-check-uses (cast)
406 (declare (type cast cast))
407 (let* ((lvar (node-lvar cast))
408 (dest (and lvar (lvar-dest lvar)))
409 (value (cast-value cast))
410 (atype (cast-asserted-type cast)))
412 (let ((dtype (node-derived-type use)))
413 (unless (values-types-equal-or-intersect dtype atype)
414 (let* ((*compiler-error-context* use)
415 (atype-spec (type-specifier atype))
416 (what (when (and (combination-p dest)
417 (eq (combination-kind dest) :local))
418 (let ((lambda (combination-lambda dest))
419 (pos (position-or-lose
420 lvar (combination-args dest))))
421 (format nil "~:[A possible~;The~] binding of ~S"
422 (and (lvar-has-single-use-p lvar)
423 (eq (functional-kind lambda) :let))
424 (leaf-source-name (elt (lambda-vars lambda)
426 (cond ((and (ref-p use) (constant-p (ref-leaf use)))
427 (compiler-warn "~:[This~;~:*~A~] is not a ~<~%~9T~:;~S:~>~% ~S"
428 what atype-spec (constant-value (ref-leaf use))))
431 "~:[Result~;~:*~A~] is a ~S, ~<~%~9T~:;not a ~S.~>"
432 what (type-specifier dtype) atype-spec))))))))
435 ;;; Loop over all blocks in COMPONENT that have TYPE-CHECK set,
436 ;;; looking for continuations with TYPE-CHECK T. We do two mostly
437 ;;; unrelated things: detect compile-time type errors and determine if
438 ;;; and how to do run-time type checks.
440 ;;; If there is a compile-time type error, then we mark the
441 ;;; continuation and emit a warning if appropriate. This part loops
442 ;;; over all the uses of the continuation, since after we convert the
443 ;;; check, the :DELETED kind will inhibit warnings about the types of
446 ;;; If a continuation is too complex to be checked by the back end, or
447 ;;; is better checked with explicit code, then convert to an explicit
448 ;;; test. Assertions that can checked by the back end are passed
449 ;;; through. Assertions that can't be tested are flamed about and
450 ;;; marked as not needing to be checked.
452 ;;; If we determine that a type check won't be done, then we set
453 ;;; TYPE-CHECK to :NO-CHECK. In the non-hairy cases, this is just to
454 ;;; prevent us from wasting time coming to the same conclusion again
455 ;;; on a later iteration. In the hairy case, we must indicate to LTN
456 ;;; that it must choose a safe implementation, since IR2 conversion
457 ;;; will choke on the check.
459 ;;; The generation of the type checks is delayed until all the type
460 ;;; check decisions have been made because the generation of the type
461 ;;; checks creates new nodes whose derived types aren't always updated
462 ;;; which may lead to inappropriate template choices due to the
463 ;;; modification of argument types.
464 (defun generate-type-checks (component)
466 (do-blocks (block component)
467 (when (block-type-check block)
468 (do-nodes (node nil block)
469 (when (and (cast-p node)
470 (cast-type-check node))
471 (cast-check-uses node)
472 (cond ((worth-type-check-p node)
473 (casts (cons node (not (probable-type-check-p node)))))
475 (setf (cast-%type-check node) nil)
476 (setf (cast-type-to-check node) *wild-type*)))))
477 (setf (block-type-check block) nil)))
478 (dolist (cast (casts))
479 (destructuring-bind (cast . force-hairy) cast
480 (multiple-value-bind (check types)
481 (cast-check-types cast force-hairy)
485 (convert-type-check cast types))
487 (let ((*compiler-error-context* cast))
488 (when (policy cast (>= safety inhibit-warnings))
490 "type assertion too complex to check:~% ~S."
491 (type-specifier (coerce-to-values (cast-asserted-type cast))))))
492 (setf (cast-type-to-check cast) *wild-type*)
493 (setf (cast-%type-check cast) nil)))))))