1 ;;;; This file implements the copy propagation phase of the compiler,
2 ;;;; which uses global flow analysis to eliminate unnecessary copying
5 ;;;; This software is part of the SBCL system. See the README file for
8 ;;;; This software is derived from the CMU CL system, which was
9 ;;;; written at Carnegie Mellon University and released into the
10 ;;;; public domain. The software is in the public domain and is
11 ;;;; provided with absolutely no warranty. See the COPYING and CREDITS
12 ;;;; files for more information.
16 ;;; In copy propagation, we manipulate sets of TNs. We only consider
17 ;;; TNs whose sole write is by a MOVE VOP. This allows us to use a
18 ;;; degenerate version of reaching definitions: since each such TN has
19 ;;; only one definition, the TN can stand for the definition. We can
20 ;;; get away with this simplification, since the TNs that would be
21 ;;; subject to copy propagation are nearly always single-writer
22 ;;; (mostly temps allocated to ensure evaluation order is perserved).
23 ;;; Only TNs written by MOVEs are interesting, since all we do with
24 ;;; this information is delete spurious MOVEs.
26 ;;; There are additional semantic constraints on whether a TN can be
27 ;;; considered to be a copy. See TN-IS-A-COPY-OF.
29 ;;; If a TN is in the IN set for a block, that TN is a copy of a TN
30 ;;; which still has the same value it had at the time the move was
31 ;;; done. Any reference to a TN in the IN set can be replaced with a
32 ;;; reference to the TN moved from. When we delete all reads of such a
33 ;;; TN, we can delete the MOVE VOP. IN is computed as the intersection
34 ;;; of OUT for all the predecessor blocks.
36 ;;; In this flow analysis scheme, the KILL set is the set of all
37 ;;; interesting TNs where the copied TN is modified by the block (in
40 ;;; GEN is the set of all interesting TNs that are copied in the block
41 ;;; (whose write appears in the block.)
43 ;;; OUT is (union (difference IN KILL) GEN)
45 ;;; If TN is subject to copy propagation, then return the TN it is a copy
46 ;;; of, otherwise NIL.
48 ;;; We also only consider TNs where neither the TN nor the copied TN
49 ;;; are wired or restricted. If we extended the life of a wired or
50 ;;; restricted TN, register allocation might fail, and we can't
51 ;;; substitute arbitrary things for references to wired or restricted
52 ;;; TNs, since the reader may be expencting the argument to be in a
53 ;;; particular place (as in a passing location.)
55 ;;; The TN must be a :NORMAL TN. Other TNs might have hidden
56 ;;; references or be otherwise bizarre.
58 ;;; A TN is also inelegible if we want to preserve it to facilitate
61 ;;; The SCs of the TN's primitive types is a subset of the SCs of the
62 ;;; copied TN. Moves between TNs of different primitive type SCs may
63 ;;; need to be changed into coercions, so we can't squeeze them out.
64 ;;; The reason for testing for subset of the SCs instead of the same
65 ;;; primitive type is that this test lets T be substituted for LIST,
66 ;;; POSITIVE-FIXNUM for FIXNUM, etc. Note that more SCs implies fewer
67 ;;; possible values, or a subtype relationship, since more SCs implies
68 ;;; more possible representations.
69 (defun tn-is-copy-of (tn)
70 (declare (type tn tn))
71 (declare (inline subsetp))
72 (let ((writes (tn-writes tn)))
73 (and (eq (tn-kind tn) :normal)
74 (not (tn-sc tn)) ; Not wired or restricted.
75 (and writes (null (tn-ref-next writes)))
76 (let ((vop (tn-ref-vop writes)))
77 (and (eq (vop-info-name (vop-info vop)) 'move)
78 (let ((arg-tn (tn-ref-tn (vop-args vop))))
79 (and (or (not (tn-sc arg-tn))
80 (eq (tn-kind arg-tn) :constant))
81 (subsetp (primitive-type-scs
82 (tn-primitive-type tn))
84 (tn-primitive-type arg-tn)))
85 (let ((leaf (tn-leaf tn)))
86 ;; Do we not care about preserving this this
89 (not (symbol-package (leaf-debug-name leaf)))
90 (policy (vop-node vop)
91 (or (= speed 3) (< debug 2)))))
94 ;;; Init the sets in BLOCK for copy propagation. To find GEN, we just
95 ;;; look for MOVE vops, and then see whether the result is a eligible
96 ;;; copy TN. To find KILL, we must look at all VOP results, seeing
97 ;;; whether any of the reads of the written TN are copies for eligible
99 (defun init-copy-sets (block)
100 (declare (type cblock block))
101 (let ((kill (make-sset))
103 (do ((vop (ir2-block-start-vop (block-info block)) (vop-next vop)))
105 (unless (and (eq (vop-info-name (vop-info vop)) 'move)
106 (let ((y (tn-ref-tn (vop-results vop))))
107 (when (tn-is-copy-of y)
110 (do ((res (vop-results vop) (tn-ref-across res)))
112 (let ((res-tn (tn-ref-tn res)))
113 (do ((read (tn-reads res-tn) (tn-ref-next read)))
115 (let ((read-vop (tn-ref-vop read)))
116 (when (eq (vop-info-name (vop-info read-vop)) 'move)
117 (let ((y (tn-ref-tn (vop-results read-vop))))
118 (when (tn-is-copy-of y)
120 (sset-adjoin y kill))))))))))
122 (setf (block-out block) (copy-sset gen))
123 (setf (block-kill-sset block) kill)
124 (setf (block-gen block) gen))
127 ;;; Do the flow analysis step for copy propagation on BLOCK. We rely
128 ;;; on OUT being initialized to GEN, and use SSET-UNION-OF-DIFFERENCE
129 ;;; to incrementally build the union in OUT, rather than replacing OUT
131 (defun copy-flow-analysis (block)
132 (declare (type cblock block))
133 (let* ((pred (block-pred block))
134 (in (copy-sset (block-out (first pred)))))
135 (dolist (pred-block (rest pred))
136 (sset-intersection in (block-out pred-block)))
137 (setf (block-in block) in)
138 (sset-union-of-difference (block-out block)
140 (block-kill-sset block))))
142 (defevent copy-deleted-move "Copy propagation deleted a move.")
144 ;;; Return true if ARG is a reference to a TN that we can copy
145 ;;; propagate to. In addition to dealing with copy chains (as
146 ;;; discussed below), we also discard references that are arguments
147 ;;; to a local call, since IR2tran introduces temps in that context
148 ;;; to preserve parallel assignment semantics.
149 (defun ok-copy-ref (vop arg in original-copy-of)
150 (declare (type vop vop) (type tn arg) (type sset in)
151 (type hash-table original-copy-of))
152 (and (sset-member arg in)
153 (do ((original (gethash arg original-copy-of)
154 (gethash original original-copy-of)))
156 (unless (sset-member original in)
158 (let ((info (vop-info vop)))
159 (not (and (eq (vop-info-move-args info) :local-call)
160 (>= (or (position-in #'tn-ref-across arg (vop-args vop)
162 (error "Couldn't find REF?"))
163 (length (template-arg-types info))))))))
165 ;;; Make use of the result of flow analysis to eliminate copies. We
166 ;;; scan the VOPs in block, propagating copies and keeping our IN set
169 ;;; Original-Copy-Of is an EQ hash table that we use to keep track of
170 ;;; renamings when there are copy chains, i.e. copies of copies. When
171 ;;; we see copy of a copy, we enter the first copy in the table with
172 ;;; the second copy as a key. When we see a reference to a TN in a
173 ;;; copy chain, we can only substitute the first copied TN for the
174 ;;; reference when all intervening copies in the copy chain are also
175 ;;; available. Otherwise, we just leave the reference alone. It is
176 ;;; possible that we might have been able to reference one of the
177 ;;; intermediate copies instead, but that copy might have already been
178 ;;; deleted, since we delete the move immediately when the references
181 ;;; To understand why we always can to the substitution when the copy
182 ;;; chain recorded in the Original-Copy-Of table hits NIL, note that
183 ;;; we make an entry in the table iff we change the arg of a copy. If
184 ;;; an entry is not in the table, it must be that we hit a move which
185 ;;; *originally* referenced our Copy-Of TN. If all the intervening
186 ;;; copies reach our reference, then Copy-Of must reach the reference.
188 ;;; Note that due to our restricting copies to single-writer TNs, it
189 ;;; will always be the case that when the first copy in a chain
190 ;;; reaches the reference, all intervening copies reach also reach the
191 ;;; reference. We don't exploit this, since we have to work backward
192 ;;; from the last copy.
194 ;;; In this discussion, we are really only playing with the tail of
195 ;;; the true copy chain for which all of the copies have already had
196 ;;; PROPAGATE-COPIES done on them. But, because we do this pass in
197 ;;; DFO, it is virtually always the case that we will process earlier
198 ;;; copies before later ones. In perverse cases (non-reducible flow
199 ;;; graphs), we just miss some optimization opportinities.
200 (defun propagate-copies (block original-copy-of)
201 (declare (type cblock block) (type hash-table original-copy-of))
202 (let ((in (block-in block)))
203 (do ((vop (ir2-block-start-vop (block-info block)) (vop-next vop)))
205 (let ((this-copy (and (eq (vop-info-name (vop-info vop)) 'move)
206 (let ((y (tn-ref-tn (vop-results vop))))
207 (when (tn-is-copy-of y) y)))))
208 ;; Substitute copied TN for copy when we find a reference to a copy.
209 ;; If the copy is left with no reads, delete the move to the copy.
210 (do ((arg-ref (vop-args vop) (tn-ref-across arg-ref)))
212 (let* ((arg (tn-ref-tn arg-ref))
213 (copy-of (tn-is-copy-of arg)))
214 (when (and copy-of (ok-copy-ref vop arg in original-copy-of))
216 (setf (gethash this-copy original-copy-of) arg))
217 (change-tn-ref-tn arg-ref copy-of)
218 (when (null (tn-reads arg))
219 (event copy-deleted-move)
220 (delete-vop (tn-ref-vop (tn-writes arg)))))))
221 ;; Kill any elements in IN that are copies of a TN we are clobbering.
222 (do ((res-ref (vop-results vop) (tn-ref-across res-ref)))
224 (do-sset-elements (tn in)
225 (when (eq (tn-is-copy-of tn) (tn-ref-tn res-ref))
226 (sset-delete tn in))))
227 ;; If this VOP is a copy, add the copy TN to IN.
228 (when this-copy (sset-adjoin this-copy in)))))
232 ;;; Do copy propagation on COMPONENT by initializing the flow analysis
233 ;;; sets, doing flow analysis, and then propagating copies using the
235 (defun copy-propagate (component)
236 (setf (block-out (component-head component)) (make-sset))
237 (do-blocks (block component)
238 (init-copy-sets block))
241 (let ((did-something nil))
242 (do-blocks (block component)
243 (when (copy-flow-analysis block)
244 (setq did-something t)))
245 (unless did-something (return))))
247 (let ((original-copies (make-hash-table :test 'eq)))
248 (do-blocks (block component)
249 (propagate-copies block original-copies)))