1 ;;;; This file implements the copy propagation phase of the compiler,
2 ;;;; which uses global flow analysis to eliminate unnecessary copying
5 ;;;; This software is part of the SBCL system. See the README file for
8 ;;;; This software is derived from the CMU CL system, which was
9 ;;;; written at Carnegie Mellon University and released into the
10 ;;;; public domain. The software is in the public domain and is
11 ;;;; provided with absolutely no warranty. See the COPYING and CREDITS
12 ;;;; files for more information.
16 ;;; In copy propagation, we manipulate sets of TNs. We only consider
17 ;;; TNs whose sole write is by a MOVE VOP. This allows us to use a
18 ;;; degenerate version of reaching definitions: since each such TN has
19 ;;; only one definition, the TN can stand for the definition. We can
20 ;;; get away with this simplification, since the TNs that would be
21 ;;; subject to copy propagation are nearly always single-writer
22 ;;; (mostly temps allocated to ensure evaluation order is perserved).
23 ;;; Only TNs written by MOVEs are interesting, since all we do with
24 ;;; this information is delete spurious MOVEs.
26 ;;; There are additional semantic constraints on whether a TN can be
27 ;;; considered to be a copy. See TN-IS-A-COPY-OF.
29 ;;; If a TN is in the IN set for a block, that TN is a copy of a TN
30 ;;; which still has the same value it had at the time the move was
31 ;;; done. Any reference to a TN in the IN set can be replaced with a
32 ;;; reference to the TN moved from. When we delete all reads of such a
33 ;;; TN, we can delete the MOVE VOP. IN is computed as the intersection
34 ;;; of OUT for all the predecessor blocks.
36 ;;; In this flow analysis scheme, the KILL set is the set of all
37 ;;; interesting TNs where the copied TN is modified by the block (in
40 ;;; GEN is the set of all interesting TNs that are copied in the block
41 ;;; (whose write appears in the block.)
43 ;;; OUT is (union (difference IN KILL) GEN)
45 ;;; If TN is subject to copy propagation, then return the TN it is a copy
46 ;;; of, otherwise NIL.
48 ;;; We also only consider TNs where neither the TN nor the copied TN
49 ;;; are wired or restricted. If we extended the life of a wired or
50 ;;; restricted TN, register allocation might fail, and we can't
51 ;;; substitute arbitrary things for references to wired or restricted
52 ;;; TNs, since the reader may be expencting the argument to be in a
53 ;;; particular place (as in a passing location.)
55 ;;; The TN must be a :NORMAL TN. Other TNs might have hidden
56 ;;; references or be otherwise bizarre.
58 ;;; A TN is also inelegible if we want to preserve it to facilitate
61 ;;; The SCs of the TN's primitive types is a subset of the SCs of the
62 ;;; copied TN. Moves between TNs of different primitive type SCs may
63 ;;; need to be changed into coercions, so we can't squeeze them out.
64 ;;; The reason for testing for subset of the SCs instead of the same
65 ;;; primitive type is that this test lets T be substituted for LIST,
66 ;;; POSITIVE-FIXNUM for FIXNUM, etc. Note that more SCs implies fewer
67 ;;; possible values, or a subtype relationship, since more SCs implies
68 ;;; more possible representations.
69 (defun tn-is-copy-of (tn)
70 (declare (type tn tn))
71 (declare (inline subsetp))
72 (let ((writes (tn-writes tn)))
73 (and (eq (tn-kind tn) :normal)
74 (not (tn-sc tn)) ; Not wired or restricted.
75 (and writes (null (tn-ref-next writes)))
76 (let ((vop (tn-ref-vop writes)))
77 (and (eq (vop-info-name (vop-info vop)) 'move)
78 (let ((arg-tn (tn-ref-tn (vop-args vop))))
79 (and (or (not (tn-sc arg-tn))
80 (eq (tn-kind arg-tn) :constant))
81 (subsetp (primitive-type-scs
82 (tn-primitive-type tn))
84 (tn-primitive-type arg-tn)))
85 (let ((leaf (tn-leaf tn)))
88 ;; Do we not care about preserving this this
91 (not (symbol-package (leaf-debug-name leaf)))
92 (policy (vop-node vop)
93 (or (= speed 3) (< debug 2))))
94 ;; arguments of local functions have hidden write
95 (not (and (lambda-var-p leaf)
96 (memq (functional-kind (lambda-var-home leaf))
97 '(nil :optional)))))))
100 ;;; Init the sets in BLOCK for copy propagation. To find GEN, we just
101 ;;; look for MOVE vops, and then see whether the result is a eligible
102 ;;; copy TN. To find KILL, we must look at all VOP results, seeing
103 ;;; whether any of the reads of the written TN are copies for eligible
105 (defun init-copy-sets (block)
106 (declare (type cblock block))
107 (let ((kill (make-sset))
109 (do ((vop (ir2-block-start-vop (block-info block)) (vop-next vop)))
111 (unless (and (eq (vop-info-name (vop-info vop)) 'move)
112 (let ((y (tn-ref-tn (vop-results vop))))
113 (when (tn-is-copy-of y)
116 ;; WANTED: explanation of UNLESS above.
117 (do ((res (vop-results vop) (tn-ref-across res)))
119 (let ((res-tn (tn-ref-tn res)))
120 (do ((read (tn-reads res-tn) (tn-ref-next read)))
122 (let ((read-vop (tn-ref-vop read)))
123 (when (eq (vop-info-name (vop-info read-vop)) 'move)
124 (let ((y (tn-ref-tn (vop-results read-vop))))
125 (when (tn-is-copy-of y)
127 (sset-adjoin y kill))))))))))
128 (setf (block-out block) (copy-sset gen))
129 (setf (block-kill block) kill)
130 (setf (block-gen block) gen))
133 ;;; Do the flow analysis step for copy propagation on BLOCK. We rely
134 ;;; on OUT being initialized to GEN, and use SSET-UNION-OF-DIFFERENCE
135 ;;; to incrementally build the union in OUT, rather than replacing OUT
137 (defun copy-flow-analysis (block)
138 (declare (type cblock block))
139 (let* ((pred (block-pred block))
140 (in (copy-sset (block-out (first pred)))))
141 (dolist (pred-block (rest pred))
142 (sset-intersection in (block-out pred-block)))
143 (setf (block-in block) in)
144 (sset-union-of-difference (block-out block)
146 (block-kill block))))
148 (defevent copy-deleted-move "Copy propagation deleted a move.")
150 ;;; Return true if ARG is a reference to a TN that we can copy
151 ;;; propagate to. In addition to dealing with copy chains (as
152 ;;; discussed below), we also discard references that are arguments
153 ;;; to a local call, since IR2tran introduces temps in that context
154 ;;; to preserve parallel assignment semantics.
155 (defun ok-copy-ref (vop arg in original-copy-of)
156 (declare (type vop vop) (type tn arg) (type sset in)
157 (type hash-table original-copy-of))
158 (and (sset-member arg in)
159 (do ((original (gethash arg original-copy-of)
160 (gethash original original-copy-of)))
162 (unless (sset-member original in)
164 (let ((info (vop-info vop)))
165 (not (and (eq (vop-info-move-args info) :local-call)
166 (>= (or (position-in #'tn-ref-across arg (vop-args vop)
168 (error "Couldn't find REF?"))
169 (length (template-arg-types info))))))))
171 ;;; Make use of the result of flow analysis to eliminate copies. We
172 ;;; scan the VOPs in block, propagating copies and keeping our IN set
175 ;;; Original-Copy-Of is an EQ hash table that we use to keep track of
176 ;;; renamings when there are copy chains, i.e. copies of copies. When
177 ;;; we see copy of a copy, we enter the first copy in the table with
178 ;;; the second copy as a key. When we see a reference to a TN in a
179 ;;; copy chain, we can only substitute the first copied TN for the
180 ;;; reference when all intervening copies in the copy chain are also
181 ;;; available. Otherwise, we just leave the reference alone. It is
182 ;;; possible that we might have been able to reference one of the
183 ;;; intermediate copies instead, but that copy might have already been
184 ;;; deleted, since we delete the move immediately when the references
187 ;;; To understand why we always can to the substitution when the copy
188 ;;; chain recorded in the Original-Copy-Of table hits NIL, note that
189 ;;; we make an entry in the table iff we change the arg of a copy. If
190 ;;; an entry is not in the table, it must be that we hit a move which
191 ;;; *originally* referenced our Copy-Of TN. If all the intervening
192 ;;; copies reach our reference, then Copy-Of must reach the reference.
194 ;;; Note that due to our restricting copies to single-writer TNs, it
195 ;;; will always be the case that when the first copy in a chain
196 ;;; reaches the reference, all intervening copies reach also reach the
197 ;;; reference. We don't exploit this, since we have to work backward
198 ;;; from the last copy.
200 ;;; In this discussion, we are really only playing with the tail of
201 ;;; the true copy chain for which all of the copies have already had
202 ;;; PROPAGATE-COPIES done on them. But, because we do this pass in
203 ;;; DFO, it is virtually always the case that we will process earlier
204 ;;; copies before later ones. In perverse cases (non-reducible flow
205 ;;; graphs), we just miss some optimization opportinities.
206 (defun propagate-copies (block original-copy-of)
207 (declare (type cblock block) (type hash-table original-copy-of))
208 (let ((in (block-in block)))
209 (do ((vop (ir2-block-start-vop (block-info block)) (vop-next vop)))
211 (let ((this-copy (and (eq (vop-info-name (vop-info vop)) 'move)
212 (let ((y (tn-ref-tn (vop-results vop))))
213 (when (tn-is-copy-of y) y)))))
214 ;; Substitute copied TN for copy when we find a reference to a copy.
215 ;; If the copy is left with no reads, delete the move to the copy.
216 (do ((arg-ref (vop-args vop) (tn-ref-across arg-ref)))
218 (let* ((arg (tn-ref-tn arg-ref))
219 (copy-of (tn-is-copy-of arg)))
220 (when (and copy-of (ok-copy-ref vop arg in original-copy-of))
222 (setf (gethash this-copy original-copy-of) arg))
223 (change-tn-ref-tn arg-ref copy-of)
224 (when (null (tn-reads arg))
225 (event copy-deleted-move)
226 (delete-vop (tn-ref-vop (tn-writes arg)))))))
227 ;; Kill any elements in IN that are copies of a TN we are clobbering.
228 (do ((res-ref (vop-results vop) (tn-ref-across res-ref)))
230 (do-sset-elements (tn in)
231 (when (eq (tn-is-copy-of tn) (tn-ref-tn res-ref))
232 (sset-delete tn in))))
233 ;; If this VOP is a copy, add the copy TN to IN.
234 (when this-copy (sset-adjoin this-copy in)))))
238 ;;; Do copy propagation on COMPONENT by initializing the flow analysis
239 ;;; sets, doing flow analysis, and then propagating copies using the
241 (defun copy-propagate (component)
242 (setf (block-out (component-head component)) (make-sset))
243 (do-blocks (block component)
244 (init-copy-sets block))
247 (let ((did-something nil))
248 (do-blocks (block component)
249 (when (copy-flow-analysis block)
250 (setq did-something t)))
251 (unless did-something (return))))
253 (let ((original-copies (make-hash-table :test 'eq)))
254 (do-blocks (block component)
255 (propagate-copies block original-copies)))