1 ;;;; This file implements the environment analysis phase for the
2 ;;;; compiler. This phase annotates IR1 with a hierarchy environment
3 ;;;; structures, determining the physical environment that each LAMBDA
4 ;;;; allocates its variables and finding what values are closed over
5 ;;;; by each physical environment.
7 ;;;; This software is part of the SBCL system. See the README file for
10 ;;;; This software is derived from the CMU CL system, which was
11 ;;;; written at Carnegie Mellon University and released into the
12 ;;;; public domain. The software is in the public domain and is
13 ;;;; provided with absolutely no warranty. See the COPYING and CREDITS
14 ;;;; files for more information.
18 ;;; Do environment analysis on the code in COMPONENT. This involves
20 ;;; 1. Make a PHYSENV structure for each non-LET LAMBDA, assigning
21 ;;; the LAMBDA-PHYSENV for all LAMBDAs.
22 ;;; 2. Find all values that need to be closed over by each
23 ;;; physical environment.
24 ;;; 3. Scan the blocks in the component closing over non-local-exit
26 ;;; 4. Delete all non-top-level functions with no references. This
27 ;;; should only get functions with non-NULL kinds, since normal
28 ;;; functions are deleted when their references go to zero.
29 (defun physenv-analyze (component)
30 (declare (type component component))
31 (aver (every (lambda (x)
32 (eq (functional-kind x) :deleted))
33 (component-new-functionals component)))
34 (setf (component-new-functionals component) ())
35 (dolist (clambda (component-lambdas component))
36 (reinit-lambda-physenv clambda))
37 (mapc #'add-lambda-vars-and-let-vars-to-closures
38 (component-lambdas component))
40 (find-non-local-exits component)
41 (recheck-dynamic-extent-lvars component)
42 (find-cleanup-points component)
43 (tail-annotate component)
45 (dolist (fun (component-lambdas component))
46 (when (null (leaf-refs fun))
47 (let ((kind (functional-kind fun)))
48 (unless (or (eq kind :toplevel)
49 (functional-has-external-references-p fun))
50 (aver (member kind '(:optional :cleanup :escape)))
51 (setf (functional-kind fun) nil)
52 (delete-functional fun)))))
54 (setf (component-nlx-info-generated-p component) t)
57 ;;; This is to be called on a COMPONENT with top level LAMBDAs before
58 ;;; the compilation of the associated non-top-level code to detect
59 ;;; closed over top level variables. We just do COMPUTE-CLOSURE on all
60 ;;; the lambdas. This will pre-allocate environments for all the
61 ;;; functions with closed-over top level variables. The post-pass will
62 ;;; use the existing structure, rather than allocating a new one. We
63 ;;; return true if we discover any possible closure vars.
64 (defun pre-physenv-analyze-toplevel (component)
65 (declare (type component component))
67 (dolist (lambda (component-lambdas component))
68 (when (add-lambda-vars-and-let-vars-to-closures lambda)
72 ;;; This is like old CMU CL PRE-ENVIRONMENT-ANALYZE-TOPLEVEL, except
73 ;;; (1) It's been brought into the post-0.7.0 world where the property
74 ;;; HAS-EXTERNAL-REFERENCES-P is orthogonal to the property of
75 ;;; being specialized/optimized for locall at top level.
76 ;;; (2) There's no return value, since we don't care whether we
77 ;;; find any possible closure variables.
79 ;;; I wish I could find an explanation of why
80 ;;; PRE-ENVIRONMENT-ANALYZE-TOPLEVEL is important. The old CMU CL
82 ;;; Called on component with top level lambdas before the
83 ;;; compilation of the associated non-top-level code to detect
84 ;;; closed over top level variables. We just do COMPUTE-CLOSURE on
85 ;;; all the lambdas. This will pre-allocate environments for all
86 ;;; the functions with closed-over top level variables. The
87 ;;; post-pass will use the existing structure, rather than
88 ;;; allocating a new one. We return true if we discover any
89 ;;; possible closure vars.
90 ;;; But that doesn't seem to explain either why it's important to do
91 ;;; this for top level lambdas, or why it's important to do it only
92 ;;; for top level lambdas instead of just doing it indiscriminately
93 ;;; for all lambdas. I do observe that when it's not done, compiler
94 ;;; assertions occasionally fail. My tentative hypothesis for why it's
95 ;;; important to do it is that other environment analysis expects to
96 ;;; bottom out on the outermost enclosing thing, and (insert
97 ;;; mysterious reason here) it's important to set up bottomed-out-here
98 ;;; environments before anything else. I haven't been able to guess
99 ;;; why it's important to do it selectively instead of
100 ;;; indiscriminately. -- WHN 2001-11-10
101 (defun preallocate-physenvs-for-toplevelish-lambdas (component)
102 (dolist (clambda (component-lambdas component))
103 (when (lambda-toplevelish-p clambda)
104 (add-lambda-vars-and-let-vars-to-closures clambda)))
107 ;;; If CLAMBDA has a PHYSENV, return it, otherwise assign an empty one
109 (defun get-lambda-physenv (clambda)
110 (declare (type clambda clambda))
111 (let ((homefun (lambda-home clambda)))
112 (or (lambda-physenv homefun)
113 (let ((res (make-physenv :lambda homefun)))
114 (setf (lambda-physenv homefun) res)
115 ;; All the LETLAMBDAs belong to HOMEFUN, and share the same
116 ;; PHYSENV. Thus, (1) since HOMEFUN's PHYSENV was NIL,
117 ;; theirs should be NIL too, and (2) since we're modifying
118 ;; HOMEFUN's PHYSENV, we should modify theirs, too.
119 (dolist (letlambda (lambda-lets homefun))
120 (aver (eql (lambda-home letlambda) homefun))
121 (aver (null (lambda-physenv letlambda)))
122 (setf (lambda-physenv letlambda) res))
125 ;;; If FUN has no physical environment, assign one, otherwise clean up
126 ;;; the old physical environment, removing/flagging variables that
127 ;;; have no sets or refs. If a var has no references, we remove it
128 ;;; from the closure. We always clear the INDIRECT flag. This is
129 ;;; necessary because pre-analysis is done before optimization.
130 (defun reinit-lambda-physenv (fun)
131 (let ((old (lambda-physenv (lambda-home fun))))
133 (setf (physenv-closure old)
134 (delete-if (lambda (x)
135 (and (lambda-var-p x)
136 (null (leaf-refs x))))
137 (physenv-closure old)))
139 (dolist (var (lambda-vars fun))
140 (setf (lambda-var-indirect var) nil))))
142 (map nil #'clear (lambda-lets fun))))
144 (get-lambda-physenv fun))))
147 ;;; Get NODE's environment, assigning one if necessary.
148 (defun get-node-physenv (node)
149 (declare (type node node))
150 (get-lambda-physenv (node-home-lambda node)))
152 ;;; private guts of ADD-LAMBDA-VARS-AND-LET-VARS-TO-CLOSURES
154 ;;; This is the old CMU CL COMPUTE-CLOSURE, which only works on
155 ;;; LAMBDA-VARS directly, not on the LAMBDA-VARS of LAMBDA-LETS. It
156 ;;; seems never to be valid to use this operation alone, so in SBCL,
157 ;;; it's private, and the public interface,
158 ;;; ADD-LAMBDA-VARS-AND-LET-VARS-TO-CLOSURES, always runs over all the
159 ;;; variables, not only the LAMBDA-VARS of CLAMBDA itself but also
160 ;;; the LAMBDA-VARS of CLAMBDA's LAMBDA-LETS.
161 (defun %add-lambda-vars-to-closures (clambda)
162 (let ((physenv (get-lambda-physenv clambda))
164 (note-unreferenced-vars clambda)
165 (dolist (var (lambda-vars clambda))
166 (dolist (ref (leaf-refs var))
167 (let ((ref-physenv (get-node-physenv ref)))
168 (unless (eq ref-physenv physenv)
169 (when (lambda-var-sets var)
170 (setf (lambda-var-indirect var) t))
171 (setq did-something t)
172 (close-over var ref-physenv physenv))))
173 (dolist (set (basic-var-sets var))
175 ;; Variables which are set but never referenced can be
176 ;; optimized away, and closing over them here would just
177 ;; interfere with that. (In bug 147, it *did* interfere with
178 ;; that, causing confusion later. This UNLESS solves that
179 ;; problem, but I (WHN) am not 100% sure it's best to solve
180 ;; the problem this way instead of somehow solving it
181 ;; somewhere upstream and just doing (AVER (LEAF-REFS VAR))
183 (unless (null (leaf-refs var))
185 (let ((set-physenv (get-node-physenv set)))
186 (unless (eq set-physenv physenv)
187 (setf did-something t
188 (lambda-var-indirect var) t)
189 (close-over var set-physenv physenv))))))
192 ;;; Find any variables in CLAMBDA -- either directly in LAMBDA-VARS or
193 ;;; in the LAMBDA-VARS of elements of LAMBDA-LETS -- with references
194 ;;; outside of the home environment and close over them. If a
195 ;;; closed-over variable is set, then we set the INDIRECT flag so that
196 ;;; we will know the closed over value is really a pointer to the
197 ;;; value cell. We also warn about unreferenced variables here, just
198 ;;; because it's a convenient place to do it. We return true if we
199 ;;; close over anything.
200 (defun add-lambda-vars-and-let-vars-to-closures (clambda)
201 (declare (type clambda clambda))
202 (let ((did-something nil))
203 (when (%add-lambda-vars-to-closures clambda)
204 (setf did-something t))
205 (dolist (lambda-let (lambda-lets clambda))
206 ;; There's no need to recurse through full COMPUTE-CLOSURE
207 ;; here, since LETS only go one layer deep.
208 (aver (null (lambda-lets lambda-let)))
209 (when (%add-lambda-vars-to-closures lambda-let)
210 (setf did-something t)))
213 ;;; Make sure that THING is closed over in REF-PHYSENV and in all
214 ;;; PHYSENVs for the functions that reference REF-PHYSENV's function
215 ;;; (not just calls). HOME-PHYSENV is THING's home environment. When we
216 ;;; reach the home environment, we stop propagating the closure.
217 (defun close-over (thing ref-physenv home-physenv)
218 (declare (type physenv ref-physenv home-physenv))
219 (let ((flooded-physenvs nil))
220 (named-let flood ((flooded-physenv ref-physenv))
221 (unless (or (eql flooded-physenv home-physenv)
222 (member flooded-physenv flooded-physenvs))
223 (push flooded-physenv flooded-physenvs)
224 (pushnew thing (physenv-closure flooded-physenv))
225 (dolist (ref (leaf-refs (physenv-lambda flooded-physenv)))
226 (flood (get-node-physenv ref))))))
231 ;;; Insert the entry stub before the original exit target, and add a
232 ;;; new entry to the PHYSENV-NLX-INFO. The %NLX-ENTRY call in the
233 ;;; stub is passed the NLX-INFO as an argument so that the back end
234 ;;; knows what entry is being done.
236 ;;; The link from the EXIT block to the entry stub is changed to be a
237 ;;; link from the component head. Similarly, the EXIT block is linked
238 ;;; to the component tail. This leaves the entry stub reachable, but
239 ;;; makes the flow graph less confusing to flow analysis.
241 ;;; If a CATCH or an UNWIND-protect, then we set the LEXENV for the
242 ;;; last node in the cleanup code to be the enclosing environment, to
243 ;;; represent the fact that the binding was undone as a side effect of
244 ;;; the exit. This will cause a lexical exit to be broken up if we are
245 ;;; actually exiting the scope (i.e. a BLOCK), and will also do any
246 ;;; other cleanups that may have to be done on the way.
247 (defun insert-nlx-entry-stub (exit env)
248 (declare (type physenv env) (type exit exit))
249 (let* ((exit-block (node-block exit))
250 (next-block (first (block-succ exit-block)))
251 (entry (exit-entry exit))
252 (cleanup (entry-cleanup entry))
253 (info (make-nlx-info cleanup exit))
254 (new-block (insert-cleanup-code exit-block next-block
258 (component (block-component new-block)))
259 (unlink-blocks exit-block new-block)
260 (link-blocks exit-block (component-tail component))
261 (link-blocks (component-head component) new-block)
263 (setf (nlx-info-target info) new-block)
264 (push info (physenv-nlx-info env))
265 (push info (cleanup-nlx-info cleanup))
266 (when (member (cleanup-kind cleanup) '(:catch :unwind-protect))
267 (setf (node-lexenv (block-last new-block))
268 (node-lexenv entry))))
272 ;;; Do stuff necessary to represent a non-local exit from the node
273 ;;; EXIT into ENV. This is called for each non-local exit node, of
274 ;;; which there may be several per exit continuation. This is what we
276 ;;; -- If there isn't any NLX-INFO entry in the environment, make
277 ;;; an entry stub, otherwise just move the exit block link to
278 ;;; the component tail.
279 ;;; -- Close over the NLX-INFO in the exit environment.
280 ;;; -- If the exit is from an :ESCAPE function, then substitute a
281 ;;; constant reference to NLX-INFO structure for the escape
282 ;;; function reference. This will cause the escape function to
283 ;;; be deleted (although not removed from the DFO.) The escape
284 ;;; function is no longer needed, and we don't want to emit code
286 ;;; -- Change the %NLX-ENTRY call to use the NLX lvar so that 1) there
287 ;;; will be a use to represent the NLX use; 2) make life easier for
288 ;;; the stack analysis.
289 (defun note-non-local-exit (env exit)
290 (declare (type physenv env) (type exit exit))
291 (let ((lvar (node-lvar exit))
292 (exit-fun (node-home-lambda exit)))
293 (if (find-nlx-info exit)
294 (let ((block (node-block exit)))
295 (aver (= (length (block-succ block)) 1))
296 (unlink-blocks block (first (block-succ block)))
297 (link-blocks block (component-tail (block-component block))))
298 (insert-nlx-entry-stub exit env))
299 (let ((info (find-nlx-info exit)))
301 (close-over info (node-physenv exit) env)
302 (when (eq (functional-kind exit-fun) :escape)
304 (setf (node-derived-type x) *wild-type*))
305 (leaf-refs exit-fun))
306 (substitute-leaf (find-constant info) exit-fun))
308 (let ((node (block-last (nlx-info-target info))))
309 (unless (node-lvar node)
310 (aver (eq lvar (node-lvar exit)))
311 (setf (node-derived-type node) (lvar-derived-type lvar))
312 (add-lvar-use node lvar))))))
315 ;;; Iterate over the EXITs in COMPONENT, calling NOTE-NON-LOCAL-EXIT
316 ;;; when we find a block that ends in a non-local EXIT node. We also
317 ;;; ensure that all EXIT nodes are either non-local or degenerate by
318 ;;; calling IR1-OPTIMIZE-EXIT on local exits. This makes life simpler
319 ;;; for later phases.
320 (defun find-non-local-exits (component)
321 (declare (type component component))
322 (dolist (lambda (component-lambdas component))
323 (dolist (entry (lambda-entries lambda))
324 (dolist (exit (entry-exits entry))
325 (let ((target-physenv (node-physenv entry)))
326 (if (eq (node-physenv exit) target-physenv)
327 (maybe-delete-exit exit)
328 (note-non-local-exit target-physenv exit))))))
331 ;;;; final decision on stack allocation of dynamic-extent structores
332 (defun recheck-dynamic-extent-lvars (component)
333 (declare (type component component))
334 (dolist (lambda (component-lambdas component))
335 (loop for entry in (lambda-entries lambda)
336 for cleanup = (entry-cleanup entry)
337 do (when (eq (cleanup-kind cleanup) :dynamic-extent)
338 (collect ((real-dx-lvars))
339 (loop for lvar in (cleanup-info cleanup)
340 do (let ((use (lvar-uses lvar)))
341 (if (and (combination-p use)
342 (eq (basic-combination-kind use) :known)
343 (awhen (fun-info-stack-allocate-result
344 (basic-combination-fun-info use))
347 (setf (lvar-dynamic-extent lvar) nil))))
348 (setf (cleanup-info cleanup) (real-dx-lvars))
349 (setf (component-dx-lvars component)
350 (append (real-dx-lvars) (component-dx-lvars component)))))))
353 ;;;; cleanup emission
355 ;;; Zoom up the cleanup nesting until we hit CLEANUP1, accumulating
356 ;;; cleanup code as we go. When we are done, convert the cleanup code
357 ;;; in an implicit MV-PROG1. We have to force local call analysis of
358 ;;; new references to UNWIND-PROTECT cleanup functions. If we don't
359 ;;; actually have to do anything, then we don't insert any cleanup
360 ;;; code. (FIXME: There's some confusion here, left over from CMU CL
361 ;;; comments. CLEANUP1 isn't mentioned in the code of this function.
362 ;;; It is in code elsewhere, but if the comments for this function
363 ;;; mention it they should explain the relationship to the other code.)
365 ;;; If we do insert cleanup code, we check that BLOCK1 doesn't end in
366 ;;; a "tail" local call.
368 ;;; We don't need to adjust the ending cleanup of the cleanup block,
369 ;;; since the cleanup blocks are inserted at the start of the DFO, and
370 ;;; are thus never scanned.
371 (defun emit-cleanups (block1 block2)
372 (declare (type cblock block1 block2))
375 (let ((cleanup2 (block-start-cleanup block2)))
376 (do ((cleanup (block-end-cleanup block1)
377 (node-enclosing-cleanup (cleanup-mess-up cleanup))))
378 ((eq cleanup cleanup2))
379 (let* ((node (cleanup-mess-up cleanup))
380 (args (when (basic-combination-p node)
381 (basic-combination-args node))))
382 (ecase (cleanup-kind cleanup)
384 (code `(%special-unbind ',(lvar-value (first args)))))
386 (code `(%catch-breakup)))
388 (code `(%unwind-protect-breakup))
389 (let ((fun (ref-leaf (lvar-uses (second args)))))
391 (code `(%funcall ,fun))))
393 (dolist (nlx (cleanup-nlx-info cleanup))
394 (code `(%lexical-exit-breakup ',nlx))))
396 (when (not (null (cleanup-info cleanup)))
397 (code `(%cleanup-point)))))))
400 (aver (not (node-tail-p (block-last block1))))
401 (insert-cleanup-code block1 block2
404 (dolist (fun (reanalyze-funs))
405 (locall-analyze-fun-1 fun)))))
409 ;;; Loop over the blocks in COMPONENT, calling EMIT-CLEANUPS when we
410 ;;; see a successor in the same environment with a different cleanup.
411 ;;; We ignore the cleanup transition if it is to a cleanup enclosed by
412 ;;; the current cleanup, since in that case we are just messing up the
413 ;;; environment, hence this is not the place to clean it.
414 (defun find-cleanup-points (component)
415 (declare (type component component))
416 (do-blocks (block1 component)
417 (let ((env1 (block-physenv block1))
418 (cleanup1 (block-end-cleanup block1)))
419 (dolist (block2 (block-succ block1))
420 (when (block-start block2)
421 (let ((env2 (block-physenv block2))
422 (cleanup2 (block-start-cleanup block2)))
423 (unless (or (not (eq env2 env1))
424 (eq cleanup1 cleanup2)
426 (eq (node-enclosing-cleanup
427 (cleanup-mess-up cleanup2))
429 (emit-cleanups block1 block2)))))))
432 ;;; Mark optimizable tail-recursive uses of function result
433 ;;; continuations with the corresponding TAIL-SET.
434 (defun tail-annotate (component)
435 (declare (type component component))
436 (dolist (fun (component-lambdas component))
437 (let ((ret (lambda-return fun)))
438 ;; Nodes whose type is NIL (i.e. don't return) such as calls to
439 ;; ERROR are never annotated as TAIL-P, in order to preserve
440 ;; debugging information.
442 ;; FIXME: It might be better to add another DEFKNOWN property
443 ;; (e.g. NO-TAIL-RECURSION) and use it for error-handling
444 ;; functions like ERROR, instead of spreading this special case
447 (let ((result (return-result ret)))
448 (do-uses (use result)
449 (when (and (policy use merge-tail-calls)
450 (basic-combination-p use)
451 (immediately-used-p result use)
452 (or (not (eq (node-derived-type use) *empty-type*))
453 (eq (basic-combination-kind use) :local)))
454 (setf (node-tail-p use) t)))))))